Yuav ua li cas FBT thiab PLC Splitters tau ua - thiab Vim li cas nws tseem ceeb
Qhov sib txawv ntawm engineering sib txawv ntawm FBT thiab PLC splitters tsis yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb checkboxes. Lawv yog cov txiaj ntsig ncaj qha ntawm yuav ua li cas txhua lub tshuab tsim khoom. Nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yog ib txoj hauv kev txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws los kwv yees tus cwj pwm hauv cheeb tsam raws li cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv tsis hais.
FBT Manufacturing Txheej txheem: Fiber Fusion thiab nws txwv
Ib qho FBT (Fused Biconical Taper) splitter pib nrog ob lossis ntau dua liab qab fibers. Cov txheej tiv thaiv yog stripped, cov fibers yog nyob rau sab - los ntawm - sab los yog twisted, thiab lub rooj sib txoos yog clamped rau hauv lub tshuab tapering. Lub nplaim hluav taws xob hydrogen lossis CO₂ laser heats thaj tsam kev sib cuag mus rau kwv yees li 1,600–1,700℃- ze rau qhov muag muag ntawm silica iav. Thaum rhuab, lub tshuab stretches cov fibers longitudinally ntawm tus nqi tswj. Cov fibers fuse ua ke thiab tsim ib tug symmetric biconic duab: tuab ntawm txhua kawg, tapered mus rau ib tug nqaim lub duav nyob rau hauv lub coupling cheeb tsam.
Lub teeb nkag mus rau ib qho fiber ntau evanescently khub niam txiv hla mus rau hauv cov fiber ntau uas nyob ib sab hauv thaj tsam duav. Qhov feem ntawm lub zog uas hla - qhov sib faib piv - yog txiav txim siab los ntawm plaub qhov sib txawv uas tau teev tseg thaum tsim khoom:lub duav txoj kab uas hla, taper ntev, ncab tus nqi, thiab twist lub kaum sab xis. Lub tshuab saib xyuas cov zis hluav taws xob hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag thaum rub tawm thiab nres thaum lub hom phiaj sib piv. Lub rooj sib txoos yog txuas mus rau hauv lub khob capillary raj siv siab - kub epoxy, uas yog tom qab ntim rau hauv lub tes tsho stainless hlau.
Lub coupling cheeb tsam yog tuav nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm los ntawm kho epoxy resin. Epoxy muaj ib coefficient ntawm thermal expansion (CTE) kwv yees li 60-100 × siab tshaj silica iav (uas expands ntawm ~ 0.55 ppm /℃). Txhua lub voj voog cua sov - los ntawm hmo txias rau lub hnub-rhuab txee rau yav tav su - qhia txog kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub iav -epoxy interface. Tshaj ntau pua lub voj voog, micro-delamination tshwm sim. Lub coupling ratio hloov. Insertion poob creeps upward. Cov txheej txheem no yog cov txheej txheem tom qab lub caij nyoog tsis txaus siab tsis txaus siab uas ISP NOC pawg ua ntaub ntawv txhua lub caij ntuj no.
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm rub- thiab- saib xyuas kev tsim khoom yog tias tsis muaj ob chav FBT yog lub cev zoo ib yam. Hauv ntau qhov ntau lawm, lub duav geometry sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas nanometer, ua qhov chaw nres nkoj - mus rau - chaw nres nkoj qhov kev poob qhov sib txawv uas sib xyaw nrog txhua theem ntxiv thaum cascading rau ntau dua qhov sib cais. Ntawm 1 × 2 thiab 1 × 4, qhov kev hloov pauv no tuaj yeem tswj tau. Ntawm 1 × 8 ua los ntawm cascaded 1 × 2 theem, nws nkag mus rau hauv 1.5–2.5 dB chaw nres nkoj- mus rau -chaw nres nkoj pom hauv thaj chaw ntsuas.
PLC Manufacturing Txheej Txheem: Photolithography
PLC (Planar Lightwave Circuit) splitter yog tsim los siv tib chav kawm ntawm cov txheej txheem photolithographic siv los tsim semiconductor integrated circuits. Ib zaj duab xis nyias ntawm germanium-doped los yog phosphorus-doped silica (refractive index me ntsis siab tshaj qhov nyob ib ncig ntawm SiO₂) yog tso rau ntawm silicon los yog silica substrate siv nplaim hydrolysis deposition (FHD) los yog tshuaj vapor deposition (CVD). Lub photomask txhais cov waveguide geometry. UV raug thiab tshuaj etching tsim channel waveguides - optical pathways embedded nyob rau hauv ib lub iav txheej.
Lub Y-txoj kev sib cais cov ntsiab lus - qhov twg ib tug waveguide ceg rau hauv ob - tau txhais nyob rau theem photomask nrog sub-micron raug. Ib qho 1 × 32 PLC nti muaj 31 Y- kev sib txuas, txhua qhov tsim ib txhij nyob rau hauv ib kauj ruam lithography ntawm lub wafer uas yuav muaj ntau lub chips. Tom qab kev tsim khoom, fiber ntau arrays raug khi rau lub nti lub tswv yim thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv UV-kho cov nplaum, thiab cov khoom sib dhos tau ntim rau hauv ABS vaj tse, rackmount cassette, lossis cov ntaub ntawv fiber ntau.
Txhua Y-txoj kev sib txuas ntawm txhua lub nti hauv wafer ntau muaj tib lub geometry, vim hais tias txhua qhov kev sib tshuam tau txhais los ntawm tib daim duab npog ntawm tib theem raug. Chaw nres nkoj-rau-chaw nres nkoj uniformity yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem wafer, tsis yog kev sib sau ua ke. Qhov no yog vim li cas PLC uniformity specifications nruj - tsis yog vim ceev faj tes -tu, tab sis vim hais tias lub geometry yog lub cev zoo tib yam nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov chaw nres nkoj.
Lub silica- ntawm- silicon qauv kuj yog thermally ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev FBT epoxy sib koom tsis yog. Lub waveguide core, cladding, thiab substrate yog tag nrho cov silica-tsev neeg cov ntaub ntawv nrog CTEs zoo sib xws. Thermal expansion yog ze li ntawm cov qauv. Tsis muaj epoxy coupling sib koom ua ke nyob rau hauv txhua yam kev ntxhov siab. Qhov no yog qhov laj thawj rau PLC qhov kub siab tshaj -dependent poob (TDL) specification.
Vim li cas PLC thiaj li dhau los ua FTTH Standard: Plaub Qhov Tseem Ceeb
PLC splitters tam sim no suav rau feem coob ntawm cov tshiab splitter installation nyob rau hauv GPON thiab XGS-PON networks thoob ntiaj teb - los ntawm feem ntau kev lag luam kwv yees, tsis tu ncua siab tshaj 80% ntawm txhua xyoo ntim nyob rau hauv FTTH tshiab deployments. Kev hloov pauv tsis tau tsav los ntawm kev lag luam. Nws tau tsav los ntawm plaub qhov kev xa mus rau qhov FBT thev naus laus zis tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov ntsuas.
Port Uniformity: Ib qho teeb meem ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, tsis yog qhov tshwj xeeb
Hauv GPON nkag network, txhua tus neeg siv khoom ntawm qhov sib koom OLT chaw nres nkoj sib tw rau kev siv hluav taws xob kho qhov muag. Yog tias 1 × 32 splitter xa 17.0 dB ntawm kev poob rau nws qhov chaw nres nkoj zoo tshaj plaws thiab 19.5 dB rau nws qhov phem tshaj plaws, cov neeg siv ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj phem tshaj plaws muaj 2.5 dB tsawg txuas nyiaj txiag muaj rau fiber ntau attenuation thiab connector margin. Ntawm 20 km ncav cuag nrog ib txwm cable poob, cov neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb tsis muaj peev nyiaj ntxiv. Lawv ONTs ua haujlwm ntawm ntug kev nkag siab. Ib qho kev sib kis kab mob sib kis lossis kev sib cais sib cais uas ntxiv 0.5 dB cov lus qhia lawv hauv qab qhov tau txais qhov pib nkaus.
ISP NOC pom qhov no yog qhov tsis tau piav qhia cov neeg siv khoom zoo hauv pawg - ib pab pawg ntawm cov tsev nyob ib sab nrog siab dua - dua li - nruab nrab cov nqi pib teeb meem, tsis muaj qhov txhaum cai hauv ODN, thiab OTDR cov kab uas zoo li huv ntawm OLT. Lub hauv paus ua rau - tsis yog-uniform splitting - yog faus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv splitter tsis muaj leej twg nyeem ua tib zoo txaus thaum lub sijhawm yuav khoom.
Ob tus neeg siv khoom ntawm tib 1 × 32 splitter hauv 15 km GPON Class B + kev xa tawm:
Sib koom tsis: Fiber attenuation=15 km × 0.35=5.25 dB Connector poob=4 connectors × 0.3=1.20 dB Splice losses=8 splices × 0.07 =0.56 dB Subtotal (sib koom)=7.01 dBSubscriber A (zoo tshaj plaws port LC 0.35=5.25 IL}) dB Tag nrho qhov txuas poob=24.01 dB ← 3.99 dB margin vs. 28 dB pob nyiaj ✓Subscriber B (qhov chaw phem tshaj - cascaded FBT 1 × 32): Splitter IL=19.5 dB (uniformity deviation) Tag nrho qhov txuas poob=26.51 tsuas yog 1 dB ⚠ seem=26.51 Ib qho qias neeg txuas → +0.5 dB=27.01 dB - cov npoo nyias nyias
Tsis yog tus neeg siv khoom "muaj teeb meem" ntawm daim ntawv. Cov neeg thov B yog ib qho kev tshwm sim nyob deb ntawm qhov hluav taws xob.
Wavelength Dependency: FBT's Limitation for Multi-Generation PON
FBT splitters yog wavelength -sensitive los ntawm kev tsim kho. Lub evanescent coupling feem yog ib txoj haujlwm ntawmV-cov parameter(normalized zaus), uas nyob ntawm wavelength. Ntawm qhov tsim wavelength, lub coupling yog optimized. Ntawm qhov sib txawv wavelength - hais tias, 200 nm deb - qhov sib txuas sib txuas hloov pauv, thiab qhov poob qis nce. Standard FBT ntau lawm units yog optimized rau 1310 nm, 1490 nm, thiab 1550 nm. Lawv tsis tau teev tseg rau 1270 nm (XGS-PON ntws) lossis 1577 nm (XGS-PON nqes qis).
Qhov no tseem ceeb rau txhua lub network npaj GPON-rau-XGS-PON hloov kho, lossis siv XGS-PON hnub no thaum tswj hwm GPON ONUs uas twb muaj lawm thaum lub sijhawm cov neeg siv khoom tsiv teb tsaws chaw. Covwavelength coexistence scenarioxav kom lub splitter kom dhau 1270, 1310, 1490, 1550, thiab 1577 nm tag nrho nrog qis thiab sib npaug. PLC splitter tswj qhov no yam tsis tau hloov kho - nws 1260–1650 nm tiaj teb teb npog tag nrho tsib wavelengths. FBT splitter nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm no yuav pom qhov poob siab ntawm qhov tsis yog - tsim wavelengths, siv nyiaj txuas ntxiv thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev sib koom ua ke tag nrho.
Qhov tshwm simITU-TG.2984 50G PON tus qauvqhia ntxiv downstream wavelengths nyob ib ncig ntawm 1340–1380 nm. Ib qho kev sib cais nruab hnub no uas tseem yuav tau txais kev pabcuam thaum 50G PON overlays tau qhia yuav tsum npog qhov ntau yam no. PLC splitters nrog tag nrho 1260-1650 nm tiaj tus teb ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. FBT splitters optimized rau legacy PON wavelengths tsis.
Thermal Behavior: Tus naj npawb ntawm Datasheet Buries
Qhov kub thiab txias -dependent poob (TDL) piav qhia yuav ua li cas hloov pauv qhov hloov pauv raws li kev khiav hauj lwm kub txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas ntsuas (feem ntau yog 25℃). Cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm FBT thiab PLC:
Hauv FBT splitters:Lub epoxy bonding cheeb tsam coupling nthuav ntawm kwv yees li 60-100 ppm / degree. Silica iav nthuav dav ntawm 0.55 ppm / degree. Qhov CTE mismatch no txhais tau hais tias txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias siv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuab sib txuas rau lub duav sib txuas. Qhov sib piv ntawm qhov sib txuas - thiab yog li qhov sib faib piv thiab qhov nkag poob - hloov nrog kub. Ntsuas TDL qhov tseem ceeb rau FBT splitters ntawm 1 × 4 feem ntau yog li ntawm 0.3–0.8 dB hla ib qho −5℃rau +75℃kev khiav hauj lwm qhov rais. Ntawm 1 × 8 thiab siab dua (cascaded), TDL accumulates thoob plaws txhua theem.
Hauv PLC splitters:Lub waveguide, substrate, thiab hau yog tag nrho cov silica- khoom siv hauv tsev neeg. CTE mismatch nyob rau hauv lub optical qauv yog negligible. Qhov ntsuas TDL rau tus qauv PLC splitter hla −40℃rau +85℃feem ntau yog 0.02–0.05 dB - zoo xoom los ntawm qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov nyiaj siv kho qhov muag.
Kev sib piv thermal thiab uniformity: FBT vs.
| Parameter | FBT 1 × 4 | FBT 1 × 8 (cascaded) | PLC 1 × 32 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kev khiav hauj lwm temp | −5℃rau +75 degree | −5℃rau +75 degree | -40℃rau +85 degree |
| TDL (tag nrho ntau yam) | 0.3-0.8 dB | 0.6-1.6 dB sib sau | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.05 dB |
| Chaw nres nkoj - rau -port uniformity | ± 1.0-1.5 dB | ± 2.0-3.0 dB cascaded | ± 0.5-0.8 dB |
| Polarization dependent poob | 0.2-0.3 dB | 0.3-0.5 dB | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.2 dB |
| Wavelength ntau | 1310/1490/1550 nm xwb | 1310/1490/1550 nm xwb | 1260-1650 nm ncaj nraim |
| Tib -device max split | 1 × 4 rau ib tug taper | 1 × 8 (3 × cascaded 1 × 2) | 1 × 64 ntawm ib nti |
Scalability thiab Compounding Failure Risk
Txhawm rau tsim kom muaj 1 × 32 FBT teeb tsa, cov chaw tsim khoom yuav tsum ua ntau theem 1 × 2 hauv ib tsob ntoo binary: tsib theem ntawm 1 × 2 tsim 32 cov khoom tawm. Txhua theem qhia txog nws tus kheej cov pob qij txha, epoxy bonds, splice cov ntsiab lus, thiab kam rau ua pawg- nce. Kev saib xyuas kev suav tsis ua haujlwm- pab cuam cuam tshuam thoob plaws 31 sab hauv 1 × 2 units ua rau lub kaw lus nrog ntau yam kev ywj pheej tsis ua hauj lwm ntau dua li PLC nti nrog 31 photolithographically -txhais Y- junctions thiab ob fiber ntau - mus rau -chip cov ntsiab lus.
Qhov no yog vim li cas MTBF cov ntaub ntawv rau FBT splitters ntawm 1 × 32 thiab siab dua yog qis dua rau qhov sib npaug PLC units. Telcordia GR-1221-CORE qualification testing - uas kawm passive Cheebtsam mus rau 85 thermal cycles, mechanical vibration, damp heat, and moisture conditioning sequences - tau siv los ntawm cov nqa khoom thiab cov neeg thib peb lub chaw kuaj sim kom siv tau cov kev xaiv tshuab splitter. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov kev tsim nyog tau txais txiaj ntsig tsis tu ncua qhia tias cov rooj sib tham FBT cascaded saum 1 × 8 ua tsis tiav cov txheej txheem thermal cycling ntawm tus nqi siab dua li qhov sib npaug PLC units raws li tib yam kev sim.
Qhov twg FBT Splitters Tseem Ua Engineering Sense
Lub suab technically tsis yog "FBT phem, PLC zoo." Nws yog "FBT yog lub cuab yeej tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, thiab PLC yog lub cuab yeej zoo rau txhua yam ntawm 1 × 8 thiab siab dua." Nkag siab txog cov xwm txheej no yog dab tsi cais kev txiav txim siab engineering los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom lag luam.
Asymmetric Optical Kais rau Kev Saib Xyuas
FBT kev tsim khoom tso cai rau kev sib txuas sib txuas: 5/95, 10/90, 20/80, 30/70. PLC thev naus laus zis tsim cov vaj huam sib luag- piv txwv los ntawm lub neej ntawd - lub tsev asymmetric piv hauv PLC yuav tsum tau tsim tshwj xeeb nti uas muaj tab sis kim dua. Rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev saib xyuas tus kais dej - rho tawm ib feem me me ntawm lub zog los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau rau OTDR saib lossis lub ntsuas hluav taws xob kho qhov muag thaum dhau 90-95% ntawm lub teeb liab mus rau - FBT 1 × 2 asymmetric coupler yog tus nqi - kho kom zoo.
Cov ntaub ntawv siv no tshwm sim hauv: OTDR saib xyuas cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm OLT thav duab, hauv -kab hluav taws xob saib xyuas hauv cov txuas txuas ntxiv CATV, thiab kev saib xyuas qhov muag hloov hauv cov kev tiv thaiv circuits.
CATV RF Overlay ntawm 1550nm
Nyob rau hauv hybrid GPON + CATV xa tawm, 1550 nm RF analog teeb liab tau ntxiv rau PON fiber nrog rau cov PON wavelengths siv lub wavelength division multiplexer (WDM coupler). Lub WDM txuas ntawm OLT ncej uas sib txuas cov teeb liab CATV mus rau PON fiber ntau feem ntau yog FBT-raws li ntaus ntawv - vim nws yog 1 × 2 asymmetric ntaus ntawv optimized rau raws nraim ob lub qhov rais wavelength. Ntawm no tshwj xeeb 1 × 2 daim ntawv thov,FBT WDM txuasnyob twj ywm tus qauv.
Legacy Network Extensions thiab Tight-Piv nyiaj 1 × 2 Daim ntawv thov
Hauv kev xa tawm ISP nyob deb nroog ntawm cov peev nyiaj nruj heev uas 1 × 2 faib ua haujlwm rau ob tsev neeg cov neeg siv khoom los ntawm ib qho kev poob qis, thiab qhov twg tag nrho cov kev tsim network ua haujlwm ntawm 1310/1550 nm nkaus xwb (tsis muaj XGS-PON kev tsiv teb tsaws tau npaj), FBT 1 × 2 yog qhov kev xaiv tiv thaiv ntawm tus nqi. Qhov ib -unit savings yog tiag tiag; qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 1 × 2 yog qis dua ntawm 1 × 32; thiab qhov kev txwv wavelength tsis siv yog tias tus neeg teb xov tooj muaj kev ruaj ntseg, cov ntaub ntawv npaj los tuav tsuas yog legacy wavelengths.
ODN infrastructure muaj lub neej ua haujlwm 20+ xyoo. XGS-PON kev hloov kho tshiab uas zoo li tsis cuam tshuam rau xyoo 2020 tam sim no tab tom tab tom ua thoob plaws txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm loj. Cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tau teeb tsa FBT splitters hauv cov txee sab nraum zoov ua ntej 2018 tab tom nrhiav pom, ntawm XGS-PON lub sijhawm nthuav tawm, tias lawv cov kev sib cais tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa lub phiaj xwm wavelength tshiab yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim, "tsis muaj phiaj xwm los qhia ntxiv wavelengths" yog tsim nyog los xyuas meej meej - tsis yog qhov pib pib.
Daim ntawv thov FBT Cov ntsiab lus
Engineering-raws li kev pom zoo los ntawm hom ntawv thov. Sab hauv=kub-tswj ib puag ncig.
| Daim ntawv thov | FBT haum? | PLC haum? | Pom zoo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asymmetric saib kais (5/95, 10/90) | Yog - haiv neeg muaj peev xwm | Muaj peev xwm tab sis kim | FBT |
| WDM txuas rau CATV 1550nm overlay | Yog - cov khoom txheem | Tsis siv tau | FBT WDM |
| 1 × 2 sab hauv tsev cais, legacy 1310/1550 nm nkaus xwb | Txaus siab yog tias pob nyiaj siv - tseem ceeb | Yog lawm | FBT los yog PLC |
| 1 × 4 sab hauv tsev, tswj ib puag ncig | Marginal (kev pheej hmoo tsis sib xws) | Yog lawm | PLC |
| 1 × 8 sab nraum zoov txee | Tsis muaj - thermal & uniformity tsis ua hauj lwm txaus ntshai | Yog lawm | PLC nkaus xwb |
| 1 × 16, 1 × 32, 1 × 64 FTTH kev faib tawm | Tsis muaj - cascaded tsis ua haujlwm siab dhau lawm | Yog - tsim los rau qhov no | PLC nkaus xwb |
| GPON + XGS-PON kev sib koom ua ke ntawm tib ODN | Tsis muaj - wavelength txwv | Yog - 1260–1650 nm tiaj tus | PLC nkaus xwb |
| 50G PON yav tom ntej -kev npaj | Tsis muaj | Yog - kev pab them nqi puv nkaus | PLC nkaus xwb |
Cov teeb meem zais nrog Datasheet sib piv
Thaum tus kws ua haujlwm sib piv ob daim ntawv faib cov ntaub ntawv, lawv feem ntau sib piv: qhov poob qis (qhov raug thiab max), rov poob, qhov chaw nres nkoj - mus rau - chaw nres nkoj tsis sib xws, thiab kev ua haujlwm kub. Tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov lej no qhia koj tias koj xav paub tiag tiag rau kev txiav txim siab yuav khoom. Ntawm no yog qhov datasheet tsis tau hais.
Test Wavelength Trap
FBT splitter datasheets qhia txog qhov poob ntawm 1310 nm thiab/los yog 1550 nm - lub wavelengths uas lub cuab yeej optimized. Tib lub cuab yeej ntawm 1270 nm (XGS-PON upstream) lossis 1577 nm (XGS-PON downstream) tuaj yeem pom 0.5–2.0 dB ntawm qhov poob ntxiv uas tsis tau hais nyob qhov twg hauv daim ntawv vim tias tus neeg muag khoom tsis tau ntsuas nws.
PLC splitter datasheets yuav tsum qhia kom meej qhov poob ntawm tag nrho 1260-1650 nm band. Tus neeg muag khoom muaj npe nrov muab cov lus teb spectral uas qhia tias lub cuab yeej yog tiaj tus nyob rau tag nrho cov qhab. Ib tus neeg muag khoom tsis tau lees paub muab ib tus lej ntawm 1310 nm. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb thaum koj qhia XGS-PON mus rau tib ODN rau xyoo tom qab tsim tawm.
Thaum tsim nyog ib tus neeg muab khoom PLC splitter, thov kev ntsuas spectral cheb (1260-1650 nm) los ntawm txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj, tsis yog qhov raug IL ntawm 1310/1490/1550 nm. Qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus qhov kev tsim nyog tau txais kev xeem rau txhua qhov kev sib cais uas tau teem tseg rau ntau- tiam PON xa tawm. Ib tus neeg muag khoom uas tsis tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv cheb spectral rau txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj tsis yog tsim rau kev sib tham hauv xov tooj- cov qauv qib.
Hom vs. Qhov siab tshaj plaws - Tus lej twg tswj hwm koj cov peev nyiaj txuas?
Txuas kev xam nyiaj txiag yuav tsum tau ua nrog rausiab kawginsertion poob specification, tsis yog tus raug. 1 × 32 PLC splitter nrog ib txwm IL ntawm 17.0 dB thiab siab tshaj IL ntawm 17.7 dB (ibTelcordia GR-1209-CORE) yuav tsum tau siv nyiaj ntawm 17.7 dB. Qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.7 dB ntawm qhov raug thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tsis yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb hauv chav kawm nruj B + txuas.
Ntau lub rooj sib piv tau tshaj tawm qhia tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ob qho tib si FBT thiab PLC. Qhov no txhawb FBT los ntawm kev zais nws txoj kev kam rau siab dav dua, thiab ua rau PLC qhov zoo dua thaum kev siv nyiaj txiag.
Qhov cuam tshuam txuas uas tsis tshwm sim hauv Splitter Specs
Ib tug liab qab - fiber ntau PLC splitter nti muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis zoo. Tib lub nti, ntim nrog yim khub ntawm SC/APC connectors, muaj qhov poob ntxiv rau cov connector interface poob - feem ntau 0.2–0.5 dB ib khub niam txiv. Ntawm 1 × 32, rackmount PLC cassette tej zaum yuav muaj 33 connector interfaces (ib lub tswv yim, 32 outputs). Txawm tias ntawm 0.2 dB ib khub, qhov ntawd yog 6.6 dB ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas - ze li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov kab ntawv txuas.
Qhov kev txo qis yog qhov kawg -fim kev tswj kom zoo ntawm txhua tus khub txuas. Xav kom tag nrhoHoobkas- txiav pigtailsthiabpatch kabnyob rau hauv splitter los ua ke yog 100% kawg-lub ntsej muag tshuaj xyuas ibIEC 61300-3-35: Cov, nrog qhov poob qis dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.3 dB thiab rov qab poob ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 50 dB (APC) raws li kev lees paub. Nug qhov kawg- daim ntawv pov thawj tshuaj xyuas ntsej muag hauv koj qhov kev yuav khoom RFQ - nws tsim nyog qhia meej meej vim nws tsis yog tus qauv coj los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom.
Dab tsi huv - Chav kuaj tsis ntes
Splitter Hoobkas kev ntsuam xyuas yog ua nyob rau ntawm 23 ± 2℃nyob rau hauv ib chav huv si nrog calibrated fiber ntau sib txuas thiab ruaj khov zog. Cov xwm txheej hauv teb yog: sab nraum lub txee ntawm 55℃nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, 150+ kev vibration tshwm sim ib xyoos twg los ntawm kev tsheb khiav nyob ib puag ncig, cov av noo ntawm 20% mus rau 95% RH, thiab cov khoom sib txuas sib txuas los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hnav hnab looj tes thaum los nag. Tus naj npawb datasheet yog qhov chaw siv. Tus lej teb yog qhov kev faib tawm nrog qhov txhais tau tias hloov ntawm qhov kev siv ntawd thiab tus Tsov tus tw uas txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv.
Qhov kev cuam tshuam yog siv cov margins - tshwj xeeb, 3 dB contingency margin uas tau ntsib ODN engineers tseg rau kev laus thiab kho. Txhua qhov txuas ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv 1 dB ntawm qhov kev siv nyiaj theoretical txwv tsis yog kev ua haujlwm ntev - lub sijhawm xa tawm - nws yog kev xa tawm uas dhau los ua haujlwm thiab ua tsis tiav ntawm thawj qhov kev sib txuas tsis zoo kaum yim hli tom qab.
Yog vim li cas pheej yig PLC Splitters tsis nyob rau sab nraum zoov txee
PLC splitter thev naus laus zis tau teev tseg rau −40℃rau +85℃ua haujlwm. Tsis yog txhua tus PLC splitters los ntawm txhua tus neeg muag khoom ua tau raws li qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kev txwv. Lub architecture yog suab; kev tswj hwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam qee zaum tsis yog.
Hauv kev sib tw tsim nyog ntawm peb qhov chaw sim Ningbo, peb tau khiav kaum ob PLC splitter units los ntawm peb cov khoom muag-qib cov neeg xa khoom los ntawm GR-1221-CORE 85- voj voog thermal profile (−40℃rau +75℃, per Section 4.2). Ob ntawm kaum ob chav nyob tau pom ib -chaw nres nkoj qhov poob qis dua li ntawm 0.3 dB qhov pib ua ntej ua tiav qhov sib lawv liag. Ob qho kev ua tsis tiav tau taug qab mus rau ib nrab fiber ntau- mus rau -chip adhesive delamination pom nyob rau hauv 200 × optical microscopy ntawm lub tsev tawm sab nrauv. Cov nplaum tsis tau ua tsis tiav qhov kev puas tsuaj loj - qhov kev sib txuas tseem yog tam sim no - tab sis kev sib cais ib nrab tau qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov huab cua uas hloov cov kev sib txuas ua haujlwm tsis sib xws ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj. Qhov no yog lub cev lub cev ua haujlwm tom qab lub caij nyoog "tsis piav qhia txog kev poob qis" uas NOC pawg kuaj pom tias yog cov neeg txais kev laus lossis cov kab cog qoob loo. Nws tsis yog cable cog creep. Nws yog lub splitter.
Plaub hom kev ua tsis tiav saum toj no qhia txog kev tshuaj ntsuam ib txwm: thov cov ntaub ntawv xeem tiag tiag, tsis yog kev lees paub ua raws. Cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau kev caij tsheb kauj vab cua sov (ua ntej / tom qab IL delta ib qhov chaw nres nkoj), IP67 daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm lub chaw kuaj pom zoo, kawg - daim ntawv pov thawj tshuaj xyuas lub ntsej muag ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, thiab cov ntaub ntawv fiber ntau rau pigtails - cov no yog tag nrho cov qauv thov rau kev sib txuas lus-qib cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau sab nraum zoov{5}
Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Ntawm PLC thiab FBT: Ib Qhov Kev Txiav Txim Siab
Cov txheej txheem xaiv tsis yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab -axis. Tsib qhov sib txawv ntawm nws tus kheej txwv qhov kev xaiv, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ua ke.
Variable 1 - Split Ratio
Qhov sib cais yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv qab 1 × 4: ob lub thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem siv tau nrog ib puag ncig kev xav. Ntawm 1 × 8 thiab siab dua: PLC tsuas yog kev tiv thaiv engineering xaiv. Tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej ntawm 1 × 32 lossis 1 × 64 qhov twg FBT cascaded sib dhos muab cov kev ua tau zoo sib xws, kev ntseeg tau, lossis kev pabcuam wavelength rau PLC nti. Qhov no tsis yog tus nqi pauv pauv - nws yog ib thaj tsam muaj peev xwm.
Variable 2 - Ib puag ncig kev xa tawm
Rau txhua qhov kev teeb tsa uas qhov kev khiav hauj lwm kub yuav siab tshaj +70℃lossis poob qis dua −5℃- uas suav nrog txhua lub txee sab nraum zoov, huab cua kaw, lossis pedestal hauv huab cua continental - PLC yog qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb, tsis hais qhov sib cais. FBT qhov kub thiab txias specification tsis yog ib tug conservative margin; nws yog qhov tseeb engineering txwv ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntawm qhov chaw uas epoxy CTE mismatch dhau los ua qhov sib txuas sib txuas tsis ruaj khov mechanism. Qhov no tsis yog thaj chaw grey.
Variable 3 - Yav Tom Ntej Wavelength Plan
Yog tias ODN yuav ua haujlwm rau yav tom ntej thev naus laus zis uas qhia txog wavelengths sab nraum 1310/1490/1550 nm, PLC yuav tsum tau. Qhov no suav nrog: XGS-PON (1270/1577 nm), 50G PON (1340–1380 nm range), NG-PON2 (ntau qhov hloov tau wavelengths). Muab hais tias ODN infrastructure muaj 20- xyoo kev pab cuam lub neej thiab XGS-PON twb yog tus qauv xa tawm tseem ceeb hauv ntau thaj tsam, qhov kev xav tias tsis muaj cov wavelengths tshiab yuav raug qhia tau lees paub meej kev tshuaj xyuas thaum lub sij hawm tsim - nws tsis yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb.
Variable 4 - Kev Kho Mob Philosophy
Cov tes hauj lwm uas qhov kev sib cais ceev ceev yog qhov tseem ceeb - ntsuas los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom- cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ua txhaum txhaum cai - yuav tsum pom zoo cascaded PLC ntawm 1 × 8 rau ib theem faib tshaj ib zaug -theem 1 × 64 PLC, rau OTDR visibility vim li cas. Qhov txhaum hauv ib theem 1 × 8 cuam tshuam rau 8 tus neeg siv khoom thiab tuaj yeem raug cais tawm mus rau ib qho chaw faib khoom. Qhov txhaum hauv ib qho 1 × 64 cuam tshuam tag nrho 64 thiab tej zaum yuav xav tau OTDR ua haujlwm los ntawm ntau qhov chaw nkag. Kev xaiv tshuab splitter cuam tshuam nrog ODN architecture xaiv; ob qhov kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau ua ua ke.
Variable 5 - Nyiaj txiag ciam teb
PLC splitters raug nqi ntau dua ib chav tshaj FBT ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj tsawg. Tus nqi kom zoo dua ntawm FBT ploj ntawm thiab siab dua 1 × 8, qhov twg PLC rau - tus nqi chaw nres nkoj sib piv lossis qis dua. Rau 1 × 32 thiab 1 × 64, PLC yog pheej yig dua rau ib qhov chaw tso zis ntau dua li cascaded FBT, ntxiv rau nws cov kev zoo. Cov peev nyiaj tsim nyog rau FBT saum toj no 1 × 8 feem ntau tso siab rau kev sib piv FBT chav tsev nqi rau PLC chav tsev nqi yam tsis suav nrog tus nqi ntawm kev sib dhos cascade, cov khoom sib txuas ntxiv, tus nqi tsis ua haujlwm ntau dua, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm luv dua.
START │ ├─ Split ratio 1 × 2 lossis 1 × 4? │ ├─ YOG → Xav tau asymmetric piv lossis CATV kais? │ │ ├─ YOG → FBT (teev daim ntawv thov-match unit) │ │ └─ TSIS → PLC nyiam; FBT txais tau sab hauv tsev ntawm 1 × 2 │ └─ TSIS TAU (1 × 8 lossis siab dua) → PLC xav tau. Xaiv cov qauv: │ ├─ Sab nraum zoov txee / aerial → ABS lub thawv PLC, IP67, −40/+85℃│ ├─ Rack-mount CO / headend → Rackmount cassette PLC │ ├─ MDU lub tsev riser → │ ├─ Mini{14} High-Density data center → LGX cassette PLC │ └─ Puas yog ODN nqa XGS-PON, 50G PON, lossis CATV overlay? └─ YOG → PLC nkaus xwb (tag nrho{18}}band 1260–1650 nm yuav tsum tau)
PLC Splitter Form Factors rau GPON thiab XGS-PON Networks
PLC splitters muaj nyob rau hauv tsib daim ntawv tseem ceeb, txhua tus haum rau ib qho chaw sib txawv thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom ceev. Lub physics ntawm lub nti yog zoo tib yam nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qauv yam - qhov kev xaiv yog purely hais txog ntim, mounting, thiab kev nkag mus rau workflow ntawm lub teb technics uas tswj lub installation.
Daim ntawv qhia kev xaiv rau PLC splitter yuav khoom. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem siv tib PLC nti; ntim txiav txim siab installation ib puag ncig compatibility.
| Form Factor | Daim ntawv thov | Split Range | Connector Options |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABS Box | Txoj kev txee, sab nraum zoov pedestal, aerial kaw tais. Kev xaiv thawj zaug rau txhua qhov chaw faib tawm sab nraum zoov. | 1 × 4 rau 1 × 32 | SC / APC, SC / UPC, LC / APC |
| Fiber ntau / Blockless | Splice tray installation nyob rau hauv dome kaw thiab MDU risers. Fusion-spled ncaj qha rau hauv ODN fiber ntau - tshem tawm cov connector interface poob. | 1 × 2 rau 1 × 64 | Tsis muaj connector (dawb fiber lead) |
| Rackmount Cassette | Central chaw ua hauj lwm OLT faib ncej. 1U los yog 2U thaj vaj huam sib luag kev koom ua ke. High chaw nres nkoj ceev nyob rau hauv kev tswj sab hauv ib puag ncig. | 1 × 8 rau 1 × 32 | SC/APC, LC/APC |
| LGX Cassette | High-Density data center PON faib. Swb-nyob rau hauv module hom rau LGX-patch panels. | 1 × 8 rau 1 × 32 | LC / APC, LC / UPC |
| Mini -Module | MDU faib lub thawv, slim- kab FTTH txiav lub thawv. Tsawg hneev taw rau qhov chaw- txwv kev teeb tsa sab hauv tsev. | 1 × 4 rau 1 × 16 | SC/APC, LC/APC |
Cov khoom lag luam rau kev ua tiav ODN qhov chaw:
Cov lus nug uas nquag nug
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Q: Puas yog PLC splitters ib txwm zoo dua li FBT splitters?
A: Rau FTTH cov neeg siv khoom faib tawm ntawm 1 × 8 thiab siab dua, nyob rau sab nraum zoov lossis qhov sib txawv - qhov kub thiab txias, nrog rau ntau yam - tiam PON cov phiaj xwm thev naus laus zis: yog. Cov kev txwv ntawm FBT ntawm kev sib cais ntau dua - cascaded tsis ua hauj lwm muaj feem yuav, tsis yog -cov chaw nres nkoj, qhov kub thiab txias- nyob ntawm qhov poob, thiab kev txwv wavelength - tsis yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ua tau zoo. Lawv yog architectural txwv tsis pub dhau qhov teeb meem ntawm thaj chaw. Rau 1 × 2 asymmetric soj ntsuam kais lossis WDM txuas rau CATV overlay, FBT tseem yog cov cuab yeej zoo.
Q: Vim li cas PLC splitters raug nqi ntau dua ib chav tshaj FBT ntawm qhov sib faib qis?
A: PLC kev tsim khoom xav tau cov khoom siv wafer fabrication nrog cov nqi peev: CVD lossis FHD deposition systems, photolithography steppers, thiab precision fiber ntau -array bonding stations. Tus nqi ntawm ib -wafer yog amortized hla ntau lub chips ib wafer, tab sis tus nqi ruaj khov ua rau qis - suav units (1 × 2, 1 × 4) kim dua FBT units ua rau cov tshuab taper yooj yim. Saum toj no 1 × 8, kev lag luam thim rov qab: ib qho PLC nti hloov ib tsob ntoo binary ntawm cascaded FBT units, thiab PLC rau -chaw nres nkoj nqi poob qis dua FBT sib npaug configurations. Los ntawm 1 × 32, PLC feem ntau tsis tshua kim rau ib qhov chaw tso zis ntau dua li qhov sib npaug FBT cascade sib dhos.
Q: FBT splitters puas txhawb GPON tes hauj lwm?
A: Yog, rau 1 × 2 thiab 1 × 4 splits nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig sab hauv tsev ntawm qhov nruab nrab kub, yog tias lub network ua haujlwm tsuas yog ntawm 1310/1490/1550 nm. FBT splitters tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa XGS-PON (1270/1577 nm) ntawm tib ODN, thiab lawv tsis tuaj yeem txhawb kev sib cais siab (1 × 32, 1 × 64) yam tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam uas qhia txog kev ntseeg siab thiab cov teeb meem sib xws. Feem ntau GPON tus neeg teb xov tooj twb tau hloov mus rau PLC rau kev faib tawm- txheej txheej cais tshwj xeeb vim tias GPON ODN xav tau kev sib koom ua ke nrog XGS-PON hauv txoj kev txhim kho.
Q: Hom splitter twg zoo dua rau kev siv sab nraum zoov?
A: PLC splitters, rau sab nraum zoov txee, aerial kaw, thiab pedestal daim ntaub ntawv. Kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm tus qauv FBT (−5℃rau +75 degree) yog tsis txaus rau sab nraum zoov txee siv nyob rau hauv tej continental huab cua. Lub epoxy-coupled FBT qauv qhia ntsuas ntsuas qhov poob qis ntawm qhov kub thiab txias sab nraum qhov chaw no, thiab cov txee sab nraum zoov tsis tu ncua tshaj +75℃nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov ncaj qha tshav ntuj. PLC splitters nrog −40℃rau +85℃ntsuam xyuas, IP67 kaw ABS vaj tse, thiab GR-1221-CORE kev tsim nyog yog tus qauv specification rau sab nraum zoov daim ntaub ntawv.
Q: Kuv yuav tsum tau ntawv pov thawj dab tsi thaum muab PLC splitters?
A: Lub hauv paus yam tsawg kawg nkaus rau kev sib txuas lus- qib passive Cheebtsam yog Telcordia GR-1209-CORE (kev xav tau kev ua tau zoo) thiab Telcordia GR-1221-CORE (kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev tsim nyog). Thov Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Kev Xeem Txuj Ci los ntawm ib lub chaw kuaj thib peb uas tau lees paub, tsis yog daim ntawv thov daim ntawv thov xwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau IEC 60529 IP67 kev ntsuam xyuas rau cov chav nyob sab nraum zoov, thiab IEC 61300-3-35 qhov kawg-ntsib tshuaj xyuas ua raws rau txhua qhov txuas txuas.
Q: Qhov txawv ntawm 1 × 32 thiab 2 × 32 PLC splitter yog dab tsi?
A: Ib qho 1 × 32 splitter muaj ib qho chaw nkag thiab 32 qhov chaw tso tawm. A 2 × 32 muaj ob qhov chaw nres nkoj nkag, txhua qhov pub rau tag nrho 32 qhov chaw tso tawm los ntawm 3 dB fais fab sib cais ntawm theem nkag. Kev teeb tsa 2 × 32 yog siv thaum ob lub chaw nres nkoj OLT ywj siab lossis ob txoj hauv kev fiber ntau yuav tsum tau pub rau tib qhov kev faib tawm - muab kev rov ua dua lossis muaj peev xwm nthuav dav yam tsis muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau. Qhov kev poob qis ntawm 2 × 32 yog kwv yees li 3.5 dB siab dua li 1 × 32 (qhov nkag 1 × 2 theem). Nws tsis muab ob npaug ntawm cov neeg siv khoom sib txuas.
Factory-Direct PLC Splitters - GR-1209 / GR-1221 Certified
Glory Optical - vertically integrated chaw tsim tshuaj paus nyob rau hauv Ningbo txij thaum 2008. ABS lub thawv, rackmount, LGX cassette, thiab liab qab fiber ntau PLC splitters . 1 × 2 rau 1 × 64. SC/APC, LC/APC, FC/APC. -40℃rau +85℃ntsuas. Chip-rau-fiber bonds tsim nyog rau GR-1221-CORE thermal cycling. Tag nrho-perimeter kaw IP67 ABS vaj tse nyob rau sab nraum zoov. Batch-level IL test reports muaj. OEM / ODM txais tos.
- Telcordia GR-1209-CORE- Cov Kev Xav Tau Ntau Yam rau Passive Optical Cheebtsam (kev ua tau zoo)
- Telcordia GR-1221-CORE- Kev lees paub dav dav rau cov khoom siv kho qhov muag (thermal cycling, mechanical, environmental)
- ITU-T G.671- Cov yam ntxwv kis tau tus mob ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab cov kab ke
- IEC 61300-3-35: Cov- Fiber optic connector kawg -ntsej muag geometry - microscopy soj ntsuam
- IEC 60529, Ua- Qib kev tiv thaiv muab los ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog (IP Code)
- ITU-T G.984- GPON Cov yam ntxwv dav dav
- ITU-T G.9807.1- XGS-PON 10 Gbps symmetrical (chav kawm N1, N2, E1)
- ITU-T G.2984- 50G PON
- ITU-T G.652D- Txuj ib zaug - hom optical fiber thiab cable
- ITU-T G.657A1/A2- Khoov-sensitive ib leeg- hom optical fiber thiab cable rau FTTH
