Kev sib piv ceev: LC vs SC vs FC vs ST ntawm ib sab
Ua ntej dhia mus rau hauv txhua qhov sib txuas hauv qhov tob, cov lus hauv qab no cia koj luam theej duab qhov kev txiav txim siab tsis tseem ceeb ntawm ib sab. Txhua qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ua raws li tus qauv IEC cuam tshuam lossis Telcordia GR-326-CORE Issue 4 xav tau.
|
Parameter |
LC |
SC |
FC |
ST |
|
Kev tswj hwm tus qauv IEC |
IEC 61754-20: 2012 +AMD1: 2022 |
IEC 61754-4: 2021 (3rd ed.) |
IEC 61754-13: 2024 (3rd ed.) |
IEC 61754-2: Cov |
|
Ferrule txoj kab uas hla |
1.25 hli |
2.5 hli |
2.5 hli |
2.5 hli |
|
Cov khoom siv Ferrule |
ZrO₂ ceramic, ≈1,200 HV |
ZrO₂ ceramic, ≈1,200 HV |
ZrO₂ ceramic, ≈1,200 HV |
ZrO₂ ceramic, ≈1,200 HV |
|
Coupling mechanism |
Push- rub latch (RJ45-style) |
Push- rub snap latch |
Xov (M8 × 0.75, 6H) |
Bayonet ¼- tig xauv |
|
Hom kev ntxig poob |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.20 dB (std); Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.10 dB (premium) |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.25 dB (std) |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.30 dB (std) |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.50 dB (tus qauv) |
|
Rov qab poob - UPC |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 55 dB |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 50 dB |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 50 dB |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 40 dB |
|
Rov qab poob - APC |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 65 dB (8℃kaum) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 65 dB (8℃kaum) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 65 dB (8℃kaum) |
Tsis txheem |
|
Mating voj voog (GR-326) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 500 |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 1,000 (ntau yam khoom) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 500 |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 500 |
|
Ua haujlwm kub |
-40℃rau +85 degree |
-40℃rau +85 degree |
-40℃rau +85 degree |
-40℃rau +85 degree |
|
APC polish muaj? |
Yog (green vaj) |
Yog (green vaj) |
Yog (green vaj) |
Tsis yog - tsis yog - qauv |
|
Chaw nres nkoj ceev (1U vaj huam sib luag) |
Mus txog 144 ports |
Mus txog 72 chaw nres nkoj |
Mus txog 36 qhov chaw nres nkoj |
Mus txog 48 chaw nres nkoj |
|
Kev siv thawj zaug |
Cov ntaub ntawv chaw, SFP / SFP +, 10G-400G |
FTTH, GPON, PON, CATV, ODF |
OTDR, ntsuas ntsuas, muaj |
Legacy campus, tub rog (kev saib xyuas) |
Tau qhov twg los: IEC 61754 series; Telcordia GR-326-CORE Issue 4 (Feb. 2010); Glory Optics ntau lawm QC database 2022-2024.
1. LC Connector - Lub Siab -Density Standard
1.1 LC Connector yog dab tsi?
Lub LC connector - officially lub Lucent Connector, tsim los ntawm Tswb Laboratories nyob rau hauv nruab nrab -1990s - belongs rau tsev neeg SFF (Small Form Factor) txhais raws li IEC 61754-20. Nws cov yam ntxwv txhais yog 1.25 hli zirconia ceramic ferrule, raws nraim ib nrab ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm SC, FC, thiab ST 2.5 hli ferrule. Qhov kev xaiv ib sab txhais tau ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub connector txoj hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua lag luam: LC tau los ua tus qauv interface ntawm SFP, SFP +, SFP28, thiab QSFP28 optical transceivers thiab tam sim no suav rau feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab-chaw nres nkoj teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb.
Lub coupling mechanism tsom iav RJ-45 latch paub los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm tooj liab - lub laub rub tab uas nyem rau hauv lub tsev khaws cia. Tsis muaj kev sib tw, tsis muaj xov, thiab tsis muaj kev sib cais cov kauj ruam, uas ua rau nws ceev tshaj plaws connector rau mate thiab unmate nyob rau hauv ntau lawm los yog teb tej yam kev mob.
1.2 Lub cev Specifications (IEC 61754-20 thiab Telcordia GR-326)
Cov lus hauv qab no suav nrog qhov kev xav tau ntawm qhov ntev thiab kho qhov muag tau kos los ntawm IEC 61754-20:2012+AMD1: 2022 thiab Telcordia GR-326-CORE Qhov Teeb Meem 4. Qhov twg Glory Optics cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm txawv ntawm (lossis tshaj) tus qauv yam tsawg kawg nkaus, nws tau qhia nyob rau hauv ib kem cais.
|
Parameter |
Txuj kev xav tau |
Glory Optics Production Data |
|
Ferrule sab nraud txoj kab uas hla |
1.25 hli ± 0.001 hli (IEC 61754-20) |
1.2500 hli ± 0.0005 hli - nruj dua tus qauv |
|
Cov khoom siv Ferrule |
ZrO₂ ceramic, hardness ≈1,200 HV (GR-326 §3.3.1) |
ZrO₂, nws tus kheej txheeb xyuas 1,180–1,220 HV |
|
Duplex pitch (tsev) |
6.25 mm centre-rau-centre (IEC 61754-20) |
6.25 hli ± 0.02 hli |
|
Max. insertion poob (standard) |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.20 dB (GR-326 §4.2.1) |
Batch mean: 0.07 dB (master-jumper method, n>10,000) |
|
Max. insertion poob (khoom kim heev) |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.10 dB (GR-326 nyiam) |
100% ntawm premium-qib units Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.09 dB |
|
Rov qab poob - UPC |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 55 dB (IEC 61300-3-6) |
Txhais tau 57.2 dB hauv 2024 QC batch |
|
Rov qab poob - APC (8 degree) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 65 dB (IEC 61300-3-6) |
Lub ntsiab lus 66.8 dB |
|
Radius ntawm curvature (UPC endface) |
7-25 hli (GR-326 §4.4.1.2 / IEC 61300-3-35) |
10-18mm (qhov rais kaw ntom nti) |
|
Apex offset |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 50 µm (GR-326 § 4.4.1.3) |
Qhov siab 18 µm; max pom 42 µm |
|
Fiber ntau (protrusion) |
+50 nm rau −30 nm (GR-326 §4.4.1.4) |
Tswj rau +30 nm rau −10 nm |
|
Mating cycles |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 500 (IEC 61300-2-2) |
1,000-cycle test khiav ntawm txhua qhov khoom tsim nyog |
|
Latch tso dag zog |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.4 N (IEC 61754-20) |
0.55–0.75 N (yooj yim dua ib zaug - tes ua haujlwm) |
|
Vaj tse flammability |
UL94 V-0 (IEC 61754-20) |
Txhua lub tsev muaj ntawv pov thawj UL94 V-0 |
|
Ua haujlwm kub |
−40℃rau +85℃(GR-326 §4.4.2 thermal cycling) |
Dhau GR-326 thermal shock: −40℃/ +85 degree, 500 cycles |
Manufacturing kev xav:Telcordia GR-326 txhais apex offset Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 50 µm raws li qhov dhau los / tsis ua haujlwm - tab sis hauv peb qhov kev paub dhau los, units nrog apex offset saum 35 µm qhia ntsuas qhov siab dua qhov poob qhov sib txawv tom qab 200 mating cycles. Peb nruj nreem spec (tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 30 µm) tsis tas yuav tsum tau los ntawm tus qauv; nws yog qhov pib ntawm qhov kev poob mus sij hawm ntev los ua kev kwv yees thoob plaws cov neeg siv khoom sib txuas.
1.3 LC UPC vs LC APC - Yuav Qhia Lawv Li Cas Thiab Vim Li Cas Nws Tseem Ceeb
Txhua LC connector ships nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm ob kawg -fim variants. Kev nkag siab qhov sib txawv tsis yog xaiv tau: txuas APC ntsaws rau hauv UPC adapter - txawm luv luv - tuaj yeem ua rau ob qho tib si ferrule kawg- ntsej muag thiab yuav ua rau qhov poob rov qab mus rau kwv yees li −10 dB, qib uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis ruaj khov faib tawm - tawm tswv yim (DFBON) laser tshuab siv hauv DMGPON.
Kev txheeb xyuas lub cev
UPC (Ultra Physical Contact): xiav vaj tse, tiaj tus 0℃kawg-lub ntsej muag nrog lub ntsej muag kheej kheej. Rov qab poob ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 55 dB.
APC (Angled Physical Contact): vaj tse ntsuab, 8℃angled kawg-ntsej muag. Rov qab poob ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 65 dB.
Cov xim -coding yog ib qho kev sib cog lus kev lag luam, tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm IEC 61754-20 nws tus kheej, tab sis nws tau txais kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev cia siab.
Thaum txhua tus yog txoj kev xaiv
LC UPC: cov ntaub ntawv-centre patch cords, SFP +/SFP28 transceiver kev sib txuas, intra-building multimode thiab single-mode links where back-reflection tsis yog thawj qhov txwv.
LC APC: FTTH nco cables, PON OLT/ONU kev sib txuas, txhua qhov txuas uas Rayleigh - tawg rov qab - qhov kev xav yuav raug nthuav dav rau hauv cov kab noj hniav laser - feem ntau qhov yuav tsum tau rov qab poob ntau dua 55 dB.
Txoj cai sib raug: APC mates tsuas yog nrog APC adapters (qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub kaum sab xis). UPC cov phooj ywg nrog UPC lossis PC. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub cev tsis yog lub rooj zaum kom raug thiab yuav ua rau lub ntsej muag tsis zoo.
1.4 LC Simplex, Duplex, thiab LC Uniboot
Tag nrho peb qhov kev teeb tsa siv tib lub 1.25 hli ferrule thiab IEC 61754-20 interface qhov ntev; qhov txawv yog mechanical thiab logistical.
Simplex
Ib qho fiber ntau, ib qho ferrule, ib lub tsev. Siv qhov twg ib qho kev taw qhia ntawm kev sib txuas bidirectional yog tswj hwm nyias - muaj nyob rau hauv WDM systems uas ob qho tib si xa thiab tau txais kev mus los ntawm tib lub fiber ntau ntawm qhov sib txawv wavelengths.
Duplex
Ob tug simplex plugs bonded sab -los ntawm -sab nrog ib tug clip uas tuav 6.25 mm centreline sib nrug. Qhov feem ntau hom qauv rau kev sib txuas transceiver qhov twg TX thiab RX nyob ntawm nyias fibers.
LC Uniboot
Ob lub fibers nyob rau hauv ib lub tsho nrog ib lub tsev nyob sab nraud. Qhov tseem ceeb feature yog polarity -reversal mechanism: lub sab hauv fiber routing tuaj yeem hloov tsis tau txiav cables, yooj yim los ntawm kev tso cov clip thiab tig lub khau raj 180℃. Nyob rau hauv ib lub vaj huam sib luag 1U 48-chaw nres nkoj, uniboot cabling txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov cables los tswj los ntawm 50% thiab tso cai rau kwv yees li 30% ntxiv cables los ntawm tib lub cev.
Daim ntawv ceev:Tus qauv 1U thaj vaj huam sib luag lees txais 48 LC duplex ports (96 fibers) hauv 19-inch khib chav tsev. Qhov sib npaug SC vaj huam sib luag feem ntau muaj 24 qhov chaw nres nkoj. Qhov sib piv 2: 1 no yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb uas LC hloov chaw SC hauv cov ntaub ntawv -qhov chaw tsim tawm los ntawm 2010 mus ntxiv.
1.5 Qhov twg LC Connectors siv
LC dominates ib puag ncig qhov chaw nres nkoj ceev los yog transceiver interface compatibility yog thawj tsav tsheb:
Data center structured cabling (TOR, EOR, thiab MOR architectures)
SFP/SFP+/SFP28/QSFP28/QSFP{3}}DD transceiver kev sib txuas (10G, 25G, 100G, 400G)
Enterprise LAN uplink thaj ua rau thaj
FTTH nco cables (LC APC version, ib ITU-T G.657 fiber ntau compatibility)
Siab -qhov ceev ODN (Optical Distribution Network) kev teeb tsa
2. SC Connector - Tsim los rau FTTH thiab Txhim Kho Push-Pull Operation
2.1 Dab tsi yog SC Connector?
SC connector yog tsim los ntawm NTT (Nippon Telegraph thiab Xov Tooj Corporation) hauv Nyij Pooj thaum xyoo 1980s thiab ua qauv raws li IEC 61754-4. Lub npe 'SC' yog tsim los ntawm 'Subscriber Connector', qhia txog nws qhov kev tsim qauv tsim rau cov neeg siv khoom - sab fiber ntau - rau - - kev txiav tawm hauv tsev - cov ntsiab lus uas nws tseem yog hom txuas tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb xyoo 2026.
Nws lub laub - rub latch mechanism yuav tsum tsis muaj kev sib hloov, aligns tau txais kev nkag los ntawm lub tsev nyob hauv qhov tseem ceeb, thiab tawm nrog ib qho rub tawm. Lub 2.5 hli ferrule muab kev tiv thaiv lub cev muaj zog txawm tias tom qab rov ua dua mating cycles los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv teb uas yuav tsis ua raws li kev soj ntsuam kev cai. IEC 61754-4 tau hloov kho rau nws tsab thib peb hauv xyoo 2021, ntxiv cov kev cai tshiab rau ferrule compression force test (saib IEC 61300-3-22) thiab adapter installation zog pov thawj.
Cov ntsiab lus hauv cheeb tsam: Hauv Nyij Pooj, qhov twg NTT tseem yog tus tswv lag luam tseem ceeb, thiab thoob plaws Asia feem ntau -Pacific suav nrog South Kauslim, Taiwan, thiab Southeast Asia, SC APC yog qhov tsim nyog raug cai lossis ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws interface rau GPON ONT (Optical Network Terminal) cov cuab yeej. Txhua tus neeg muag khoom tsom mus rau cov lag luam no yuav tsum muaj peev xwm muab tag nrho IEC 61754-4: 2021-raws li SC APC Tshuag.
2.2 Lub cev Specifications (IEC 61754-4: 2021)
IEC 61754-4: 2021 qhia txog ob qho kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam txog xyoo 2013: nws tau ntxiv cov qauv siv rau IEC 61300-3-22 rau kev ntsuas ferrule compression quab yuam, thiab nws ntxiv ib qho Annex A rau adapter installation lub zog pov thawj. Ob leeg cuam tshuam li cas SC connectors tsim nyog rau sab nraum zoov thiab FTTH xa tawm.
|
Parameter |
IEC 61754-4: 2021 Yuav tsum muaj |
Glory Optics Production Data |
|
Ferrule sab nraud txoj kab uas hla |
2.5 hli (nominal) |
2.500 hli ± 0.0008 hli |
|
Cov khoom siv Ferrule |
ZrO₂ ceramic |
ZrO₂, hardness 1,180–1,220 HV |
|
Retention force (plug rau adapter) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 3.0 N ib zaug- hom (IEC 61754-4: 2021 § 4.2) |
4.2–5.8 N ntsuas ntau yam |
|
Ferrule caij nplooj ntoos hlav compression quab yuam |
Kev sim rau IEC 61300-3-22 (2021 ntxiv) |
100% ntawm cov units dhau 7.8-11.8 N caij nplooj ntoos hlav spec |
|
Insertion poob - standard |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.25 dB (xws li GR-326) |
Batch mean: 0.06 dB (n>50,000 units, 2022-2024) |
|
Insertion poob - qib premium |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.10 dB |
Tag nrho cov nqi ntau: 100% Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.08 dB |
|
Rov qab poob - UPC |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 50 dB (IEC 61300-3-6) |
Lub ntsiab lus 52.4 dB |
|
Rov qab poob - APC (8 degree) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 65 dB (IEC 61300-3-6) |
Lub ntsiab lus 67.1 dB |
|
Mating durability |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 500 cycles (IEC 61300-2-2) |
1,000-kev ntsuas lub voj voog - xoom tsis ua haujlwm thoob plaws 2022-2024 kev tsim nyog batch |
|
Radius ntawm curvature |
7-25 hli (IEC 61300-3-35) |
10-20 mm sab hauv qhov rais |
|
Apex offset |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 50 µm (GR-326 tau tshaj) |
Qhov siab 19 µm |
|
Xim vaj tsev - UPC/ib zaug- hom |
Blue (kev lag luam convention) |
Xiav, Pantone 2945 C |
|
Xim vaj tsev - APC |
Green (kev lag luam convention) |
Ntsuab, Pantone 354 C |
|
Ua haujlwm kub |
−40℃rau +85℃(GR-326 §4.4.2) |
Dhau GR-326 thermal cycling, 500 cycles |
Manufacturing kev xav:Kev hloov kho xyoo 2021 ntxiv ntawm IEC 61300-3-22 ferrule compression testing tseem ceeb tshaj qhov nws tshwm sim hauv changelog. Lub ferrule nrog txoj kab uas hla sab nrauv tab sis tsis raug lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav preload muab kev sib cuag ntawm lub cev tsis sib haum ntawm txhua tus mating - qhov poob daim duab sib txawv ntawm qhov ntxig. Peb cov ntaub ntawv sab hauv qhia tau hais tias cov khoom sib txuas ua tsis tau qhov 7.8–11.8 N lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub qhov rais qhia qhov kev nkag-tsis tau tus qauv sib txawv 3 × siab dua hla 50 rov ua dua matings dua cov chav nyob.
2.3 SC UPC vs SC APC - Kev txiav txim siab FTTH
Qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev zoo ib yam rau LC rooj plaub: UPC yog tiaj tus - polished (xiav vaj tse, Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 50 dB rov qab poob); APC yog 8℃-angled (ntsuab vaj tse, Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 65 dB rov poob). Tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev xaiv tsis raug yog qhia ntau dua hauv FTTH dua li hauv cov ntaub ntawv -cov ntsiab lus hauv nruab nrab.
GPON systems ua haujlwm rau ITU-T G.984 cia siab rau 1310 nm thiab 1490 nm wavelengths propagating tshaj tib fiber ntau nyob rau hauv opposite lus qhia. Txawm tias −50 dB rov poob (UPC) tuaj yeem tsim rov qab txaus - rov qab los ua laser hom- plhaw hauv OLT (Optical Line Terminal) transmitter ntawm qib siab kho qhov muag. ITU-T G.984.2 qhia qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kho qhov muag poob ntawm −32 dB ntawm S/R reference point - tab sis kev xa tawm tiag tiag nrog kev sib cais ntev thiab kev sib faib siab sib sau ua ke los ntawm txhua qhov txuas hauv txoj kev. SC APC Qhov Loj dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 65 dB rov qab poob muab cov npoo ntawm tsawg kawg 15 dB dhau SC UPC, uas yog vim li cas txhua tus neeg muag khoom loj GPON cov khoom lag luam qhia SC APC ntawm ONT interface.
Ceeb toom:Txuas lub SC APC plug (keyed ntawm 8 degree) mus rau SC UPC adapter tsis tsim kev sib cuag lub cev ruaj khov. Lub kaum sab kawg-lub ntsej muag ua tau raws li lub tes tsho ncaj nraim ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag es tsis yog kev sib cuag saum npoo, abrades ob lub ntsej muag ferrule, thiab ua rau rov poob qis dua li ntawm −10 dB. Qhov kev puas tsuaj no feem ntau irreversible. Tsis txhob sib xyaw APC thiab UPC hauv tib khub niam txiv.
2.4 SC hauv Asia -Pacific Market
Vim tias NTT tsim SC thiab NTT lub network yog ib qho ntawm lub ntiaj teb feem ntau cov fiber ntau (kwv yees li 34 lab FTTH cov neeg siv khoom raws li xyoo 2024), SC APC tau nkag siab tob rau hauv Nyij Pooj fiber ntau ecosystem - los ntawm lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm ODF mus rau cov neeg siv khoom thaj chaw ONT. Kaus lim qab teb KT, SK Broadband, thiab LG U + zoo ib yam ntawm SC rau lawv cov FTTH rollouts. Tuam Tshoj Mainland cov neeg nqa khoom loj (Tuam Tshoj Telecom, China Unicom, Tuam Tshoj Txawb) siv SC APC rau GPON ONT interfaces hauv khw hauv tsev.
Rau cov chaw tsim khoom xws li Glory Optics, ua haujlwm feem ntau hauv Asia -Pacific thiab xa tawm kev lag luam los ntawm Funabashi, Chiba, Nyiv, SC APC yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm - ntim ib kab khoom. Kev ua raws li IEC 61754-4: 2021 thiab muaj peev xwm muab IEC 61300-3-35-cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj endface geometry nrog txhua cov khoom xa tuaj yog cov kev lag luam hauv qab yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm pawg neeg nqa khoom loj.
2.5 Qhov twg SC Connectors siv
FTTH / FTTB / FTTX cov neeg siv khoom txiav tawm (tus qauv thoob ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Asia-Pacific)
GPON / XGS-PON / NG-PON2 ONT interfaces
CATV / HFC tes hauj lwm (SC APC yuav tsum tau ua kom siab -rov qab- qhov yuav tsum tau poob)
ODF (Optical Distribution Frame) thaj chaw nyob hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab thiab cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv (qhov chaw nres nkoj ceev tsis yog thawj qhov txwv)
Legacy SAN (Storage Area Network) khoom siv nrog GBIC transceivers
Txhua daim ntawv thov uas yooj yim ntawm kev saib xyuas thaj chaw thiab kev ruaj khov raws li tsis yog - tus kws tshaj lij tuav cov kev xav tau ntau dua
3. FC Connector - Vibration Resistance thiab Precision Measurement
3.1 FC Connector yog dab tsi?
FC connector - Ferrule Connector, qee zaum kuj hu ua Field Connector - tau tsim nyob rau hauv Nyiv xyoo 1980s (feem ntau los ntawm NEC) thiab tau tswj hwm los ntawm IEC 61754-13 txij li tus qauv thawj zaug. Nws faib cov 2.5 hli ferrule txoj kab uas hla nrog SC thiab ST tab sis txawv nws tus kheej los ntawm ib tug threaded coupling mechanism: lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav-loaded plug lub cev mus rau hauv ib tug threaded adapter dab tshos thiab yog xauv los ntawm rotating ib tug coupling txiv ntseej (M8 × 0.75 xov, 6H chav kawm ntawm haum ib IEC 6172024-13).
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuab ua ntej-load los ntawm cov xov thiab axial caij nplooj ntoos hlav quab yuam ua rau cov kev co feem ntau- ruaj khov kho qhov muag sib koom ntawm plaub hom connector. Ib qho kev sib txuas FC uas tau nruj rau qhov chaw uas cov txiv ntseej txuas txuas tau ua tiav yuav tsis xoob raws li kev vibration profiles uas tau teev tseg hauv FOTP-11 (10–500 Hz, 10G, 2 h), whereas LC thiab SC thawb- rub cov kev sib txuas tuaj yeem pom qhov kev sib txuas-poob ntawm 0.500 Hz tib yam.
3.2 IEC 61754-13:2024 - Kev hloov pauv dab tsi hauv tsab ntawv kawg
Qhov thib peb tsab ntawm IEC 61754-13, luam tawm nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 2024, hloov xyoo 2006 thib ob thiab sawv cev rau qhov kev hloov kho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv FC connector tus qauv keeb kwm.
Plaub qhov kev hloov pauv yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev yuav khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb:
Hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj: Daim ntawv 2024 ua raws li tam sim no IEC 61300 thiab IEC 61753 series, hloov cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau cov qauv kev xeem dhau los.
Ntxiv ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev sib raug zoo (§5.2): Daim ntawv tshiab qhia meej meej uas qhov kev sib tw - cov qib tes tsho yog qhov sib txuam nrog cov qib plug. Qhov no daws qhov ntev - sawv grey thaj chaw uas cov khoom sib txuas los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv sib ntsib tib lub npe nominal qhov ntev tseem tuaj yeem ua rau qhov poob siab vim qhov bore - txoj kab uas hla tsis sib haum.
Dimensional hloov nyob rau hauv Table 2 thiab Table 3: Lub plug connector interface qhov ntev tau raug kho. Critically, ferrule OD kam rau ua yog txhais raws li 2.499 ± 0.001 hli nrog ib daim ntawv qhia tias OD yuav tsawg dua 2.498 hli nyob rau hauv 1.28 mm cheeb tsam los ntawm lub ferrule tip rearward - haum rau tapered hloov ntawm precision - av ferrules.
Tshiab Qib Am, Bm, Cm (Table 3): 2024 tsab ntxiv peb qib tshiab 'monofibre bore' qib (Am, Bm, Cm) nrog rau qib A, B, C uas twb muaj lawm, qhia txog kev tsim khoom nruj dua muaj los ntawm cov cuab yeej CNC niaj hnub sib tsoo. Qib A/Am connectors yog npaj rau qis tshaj - daim ntawv thov nyiaj poob.
|
Parameter |
IEC 61754-13: 2024 Yuav tsum muaj |
Sau ntawv |
|
Ferrule OD (npe) |
2.499 ± 0.001 hli (Table 2) |
OD yuav taper hauv qab 2.498 hli hauv 1.28 hli ntawm lub taub |
|
Ferrule caij nplooj ntoos hlav projection (E) |
Ntau dua los yog sib npaug li 3.6 hli thaum tsis sib haum (Table 2, ceeb toom b) |
Compression quab yuam: 7.8–11.8 N thaum E=3.6–3.7 mm |
|
Xov specification |
M8 × 0.75, chav kawm 6H (Table 2, ceeb toom c) |
Coupling lub tes tsho bidirectionally movable (ceeb toom d) |
|
Dome eccentricity (spherical endface) |
< 0.05 mm (Table 2, note e) |
IEC 61754-13: 2024 Kev xav tau tshwj xeeb |
|
Lub tes tsho alignment qib |
A, B, C, Am, Bm, Cm (Table 3) - tshiab xyoo 2024 |
Am/Bm/Cm yog cov tshiab monofibre-bore qib |
|
Intermateability xav tau |
Txhais hauv §5.2 - ntu tshiab ntxiv rau xyoo 2024 |
daws teeb meem hla -tus neeg tsim khoom mating tsis paub tseeb |
|
Max. poob poob |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.30 dB (IEC 61753-1 / GR-326 tau tshaj) |
Hwm FC: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.10 dB ua tiav |
|
Rov qab poob - APC |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 65 dB (thawj FC APC daim ntawv thov: OTDR cov chaw nres nkoj) |
Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 65 dB yog qhov kev xeem OTDR -port specification yam tsawg kawg nkaus |
|
Mating cycles |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 500 (IEC 61300-2-2) |
Xov mechanism tso cai rau lub neej ua haujlwm siab dua |
|
Ua haujlwm kub |
-40℃rau +85 degree |
Kev ua raws li GR-326 thermal cycling ua raws |
3.3 Vibration Performance - Qhov twg FC tsis muaj qhov sib npaug
Ib qho kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm FC dhau LC thiab SC yog kev tiv thaiv kev co -vim kev poob variation. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yog ua raws li Glory Optics's 2023 qhov kev sim kev sim ua los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam qauv siv FOTP-11 (kev vibration zaus cheb 10-500 Hz, 10G acceleration, 2 teev, peb axes):
|
Hom Connector |
Qhov txhais tau tias IL hloov pauv thaum FOTP-11 |
Max IL hloov tau pom |
Connector status post -test |
|
FC (tag nrho nruj xov) |
0.03 dB |
0.05dB |
Tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev; xov tsis zoo |
|
SC (tag nrho zaum latch) |
0.08 dB |
0.14 dB |
Latch tsis tu ncua; tsawg kawg hnav |
|
LC (tag nrho zaum latch) |
0.09 dB |
0.17 dB |
Latch tsis tu ncua; tsawg kawg hnav |
|
ST (tag nrho zaum bayonet) |
0.06 dB |
0.11 dB |
Bayonet tsis tu ncua; txais tau |
Lub FC connector's 3 × qis insertion- poob variance nyob rau hauv vibration tsis yog ib qho txiaj ntsim ntawm cov xov - nws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov xov ua ke nrog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ua ntej -load quab yuam. Lub 7.8-11.8 N compression quab yuam teev nyob rau hauv IEC 61754-13: 2024 Table 2 daim ntawv (b) xyuas kom meej tias txawm tias thaum vibration imposes ib tug me me axial hloov, lub ferrule ntsis tuav lub cev sib cuag nrog lub ferrule ferrule. LC thiab SC lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav quab yuam qis dua los ntawm kev tsim kom yooj yim phau ntawv latching.
3.4 Qhov twg FC Connectors siv
OTDR (Lub Sijhawm Optical-Domain Reflectometer) kuaj cov chaw nres nkoj - FC APC yog lub ntiaj teb kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm yuav luag txhua OTDRs los ntawm Viavi, EXFO, Anritsu, thiab Yokogawa
Optical zog ntsuas thiab kho qhov muag spectrum analyzers (FC UPC lossis FC APC)
Precision fiber ntau laser qhov chaw thiab fiber ntau -coupled light sources
Muaj fiber ntau sensors nyob rau hauv kev co los yog mechanically hnyav ib puag ncig (rail, metallurgy, hnyav manufacturing)
Tub rog thiab aerospace daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau MIL-SPEC- sib npaug txhua yam kev ruaj ntseg
Cov cuab yeej kis tau tus mob WDM qub (tseem siv nyob rau hauv ntev -haul networks)
Nco tseg rau kev teeb tsa tshiab:FC tsis pom zoo rau cov ntaub ntawv tshiab -chaw lossis chaw lag luam LAN tsim. Lub sijhawm ua phooj ywg thiab tsis sib haum xeeb (kwv yees li 15-20 vib nas this ib qho kev sib txuas nrog cov xov sib txuas, piv rau 2-3 vib nas this rau LC) tsim kev ua haujlwm nyiaj siv ua haujlwm uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj. Siv FC qhov twg nws qhov kev vibration kev ua tau zoo lossis kev sim-cov cuab yeej siv tau tshwj xeeb yog xav tau.
4. ST Connector - Txoj Cai Lij Choj Bayonet Standard
4.1 ST Connector yog dab tsi?
ST connector - Ncaj Ntsis - yog tsim los ntawm AT&T nyob rau hauv 1980s thiab siv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav-loaded bayonet coupling mechanism: lub ntsaws yog ntxig thiab tig kwv yees li ib lub hlis twg- tig los xauv rau hauv lub adapter. Nws tswj hwm multimode fiber ntau-optic campus networking los ntawm lig 1980s txog rau thaum ntxov 2000s thiab tseem muaj nyob rau hauv ntau lab ntawm cov chaw teeb tsa thoob plaws North America, Europe, thiab thaj chaw ntawm Asia-Pacific.
Lub 2.5 hli ferrule txoj kab uas hla yog tib yam li SC thiab FC, tab sis lub bayonet coupling muab tsis yog FC's xov-tsav mechanical stability los yog SC tus yuam sij-thiab-snap simplicity. Alignment precision nyob ntawm tus bayonet tus pin txoj hauj lwm tolerances, uas yog inherently tsawg dua rov ua dua ob lub laub-rub los yog xov mechanisms, ua qhov widest insertion- poob faib ntawm plaub hom connector (0.25–0.50 dB hom ntau yam).
4.2 Lub cev Specifications (IEC 61754-2)
|
Parameter |
Tus nqi |
Sau ntawv |
|
Ferrule OD |
2.5 hli nominal |
IEC 61754-2: Cov |
|
Kev sib txuas |
Bayonet, ¼- tig xauv |
Qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov qhib rau kev sib tw |
|
Insertion poob (ntau ntau yam) |
0.25-0.50 dB |
Kev sib txawv siab dua SC / LC vim kev sib tw bayonet |
|
Rov qab poob |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 40 dB (UPC) |
APC polish: tsis yog -tus qauv, tsis tshua muaj |
|
APC polish muaj? |
Tsis yog - tsis yog tus qauv txhais |
Tsis muaj APC txwv ST hauv ib zaug - hom FTTH daim ntawv thov |
|
Mating cycles |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 500 (IEC 61300-2-2) |
- |
|
Fiber hom deployed |
Feem ntau OM1 / OM2 multimode |
Qee qhov - hom kev teeb tsa, feem ntau ua ntej xyoo 2005 |
|
Ua haujlwm kub |
-40℃rau +85 degree |
Standard specification |
4.3 Puas yog ST tseem tsim nyog siv xyoo 2026?
Cov lus teb ncaj qha: tsis yog rau kev teeb tsa tshiab. ST muaj peb yam kev tsis zoo uas tsis tuaj yeem hais los ntawm kev txhim kho kev tsim khoom:
Tsis muaj APC polish tus qauv: Tib - hom FTTH thiab PON systems yuav tsum tau APC connectors. ST tsis tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm no.
Qhov chaw nres nkoj qis dua: Ib lub vaj huam sib luag 1U tuav txog 48 ST chaw nres nkoj piv rau 48 LC duplex (96 fibers). Rau multimode khiav, OM4 nrog LC muab kev ceev zoo dua thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog OM5.
Tsis muaj transceiver interface: Tsis muaj SFP, SFP +, lossis QSFP variant siv ST. Txhua yam khoom siv tshiab yuav siv LC.
Rau kev saib xyuas ntawm ST-raws li cov network uas twb muaj lawm, txoj hauv kev raug yog los tswj cov khoom lag luam ntawm ST connectors thiab ST-rau -LC lossis ST-rau-SC hybrid adapters (muaj raws li cov qauv khoom los ntawm Glory Optics). Thaum ib feem ntawm ST network tau hloov kho dua tshiab, txhim kho LC OM4 cabling nrog ST-LC patch cords ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm thaum npaj rau kev tsiv teb tsaws tag nrho.
Txoj kev tsiv teb tsaws:ST campus multimode → Nruab LC OM4 cov txheej txheem cabling mus rau cov plag tsev tshiab lossis cov tsev → Siv ST-LC hybrid thaj vaj huam sib luag ntawm IDF/MDF ntoo khaub lig- txuas → Tag Nrho ST nyiaj laus thaum cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tawm (feem ntau 5-7 xyoo kho vajtse refresh lub voj voog).
5. APC vs UPC vs PC: Xaus-Kev piav qhia ntsej muag Polish
5.1 Vim Li Cas Xaus -Lub ntsej muag Geometry txiav txim rov qab poob
Insertion poob - lub teeb liab lub zog poob thaum lub sij hawm kev twb kev txuas - feem ntau yog ib tug muaj nuj nqi ntawm fiber ntau alignment precision. Rov qab poob - qhov piv ntawm qhov cuam tshuam lub zog rau qhov xwm txheej lub zog - yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kawg - ntsej muag geometry. Ob qhov kev ntsuas no muaj kev ywj pheej loj heev: qhov zoo - ua raws li UPC txuas tuaj yeem muaj qhov poob qis tab sis tsis txaus rov qab poob rau daim ntawv thov laser rhiab heev. APC txuas tsis zoo tuaj yeem rov qab poob zoo heev tab sis kev puas tsuaj tsis zoo vim muaj kev sib kis.
Peb kawg- lub ntsej muag geometry yog siv hauv kev lag luam:
PC - Hu rau lub cev
Ib lub domed, spherically polished kawg -lub ntsej muag nrog ib tug qis curvature. Fibers ua rau lub cev sib cuag ntawm lub apex ntawm lub dome, tshem tawm cov huab cua sib txawv uas yuav txwv tsis pub tsim Fresnel xav txog ntawm kwv yees li −14 dB. Rov qab poob feem ntau Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau −40 dB, uas tsim nyog rau feem ntau cov ntawv thov qub txeeg qub teg tab sis tsis txaus rau niaj hnub ib leeg -mode systems. PC connectors raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm lub tiaj tus dome - tsis yog xim xiav lossis ntsuab xim (lawv yuav muaj ntau yam xim qub qub xws li dub lossis beige). Tsis tshua muaj teev rau kev teeb tsa tshiab.
UPC - Ultra Physical Contact
Ib qho kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm PC nrog lub dome curvature nruj dua thiab qhov tseeb dua qhov kawg -ntsej muag nruab nrab- rau -fiber alignment. Lub geometry nruj dua (IEC 61300-3-35 txhais ROC ntawm 7–25 mm nrog nruj dua apex offset) ua rau rov poob ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 55 dB. UPC yog tus qauv kawg-lub ntsej muag rau LC connectors hauv cov ntaub ntawv-cov ntawv thov nruab nrab thiab rau SC connectors nyob rau hauv tsis yog{14}}FTTH ib hom txuas. Blue vaj nyob rau hauv ib hom versions.
APC - Angled Physical Contact
Qhov kawg-lub ntsej muag yog av thiab polished ntawm 8℃ntawm qhov perpendicular. Ib qho rov qab los ntawm lub kaum sab xis yog coj mus rau hauv lub ferrule cladding es tsis yog rov qab mus rau hauv cov tub ntxhais fiber ntau, ua kom rov qab poob ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 65 dB - 10 dB zoo dua UPC. Ntsuab vaj nyob universally. Tus yuam sij 8℃tiv thaiv APC plugs los ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog UPC adapters (qhov kev sib hloov qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv), tab sis qhov kev tiv thaiv kev siv tshuab no yuav tsum raug kho raws li qhov ua tsis tau tiav - nyab xeeb, tsis yog qhov hloov pauv rau qhov pom xim -code pov thawj.
|
Parameter |
PC |
UPC |
APC (8 degree) |
|
Rov qab poob - raug |
Ntau tshaj lossis sib npaug rau −40 dB |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau −55 dB (feem ntau −57 txog −60 dB) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau −65 dB (feem ntau −67 txog −70 dB) |
|
Rov qab poob - yam tsawg kawg nkaus (IEC 61300-3-6) |
Ntau tshaj lossis sib npaug rau −30 dB |
Ntau tshaj lossis sib npaug rau −50 dB |
Ntau tshaj lossis sib npaug rau −60 dB |
|
Xaus - lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag |
0℃(domed tiaj tus) |
0℃(tightly domed) |
8℃(lub kaum sab xis) |
|
Xim tsev - SM |
Ntau yam (legacy: beige, dub) |
Xiav |
Ntsuab |
|
Xim tsev - MM |
Ntau yam (beige, grey) |
Beige / grey (OM1 / OM2) los yog aqua / violet (OM3 / OM4) |
Tsis tshua muaj siv rau MM |
|
Radius ntawm curvature (IEC 61300-3-35) |
10-25 hli |
7-25 hli |
5-12mm (lub kaum sab xis geometry) |
|
Hla- sib xyaw nrog lwm hom |
tuaj yeem ua phooj ywg nrog UPC (kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo) |
tuaj yeem ua phooj ywg nrog PC (kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo) |
APC nkaus xwb - qhov tseem ceeb tiv thaiv UPC mating |
|
Haum rau GPON / PON |
Tsis muaj - tsis txaus RL |
Marginal - tsis pom zoo |
Yog - xav tau los ntawm feem ntau cov cab kuj specs |
|
Haum rau OTDR xeem chaw nres nkoj |
Tsis muaj |
Txaus siab rau lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab - xeem |
Tau - tus qauv rau kev ntsuas OTDR meej |
|
IEC tus qauv geometric |
IEC 61300-3-35: Cov |
IEC 61300-3-35: Cov |
IEC 61300-3-35: Cov |
|
Muaj nyob rau hauv hom connector |
Txhua yam (txhua yam) |
LC, SC, FC, ST |
LC, SC, FC |
5.2 Txheeb xyuas APC vs UPC yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej ntsuas
Hauv daim teb, kev txheeb xyuas qhov pom yog thawj kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv:
Ntsuab ntsaws=APC. Qhov no yog ib txoj cai nyuaj uas tsis muaj kev paub txog kev lag luam tshwj xeeb hauv tus qauv - cov khoom lag luam.
Blue plug, square vaj tse=SC UPC lossis LC UPC (ib zaug-mode).
Aqua / teal plug=OM3 multimode. Violet/eggplant=OM4. Txiv kab ntxwv=OM1/OM2 (legacy).
Yog tias cov xim vaj tsev tsis pom tseeb (qhuav, tsis muaj cim, cov qauv xim qub), tshuaj xyuas qhov kawg -lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv 200 × fiber ntau. APC qhia pom pom pom kab pheeb ces kaum lub kaum sab xis thaum saib ncaj- ntawm - lub nplhaib rov qab yog offset los ntawm qhov chaw.
Kev ceeb toom tseem ceeb:Tsis txhob cia siab rau daim ntawv lo cim ib leeg. Cov ntawv sau tuaj yeem poob, nyeem tsis raug, lossis tsis raug ntawm cov khoom tsis yog -tus qauv. Saib xyuas cov xim vaj tse thiab, qhov twg cov ceg txheem ntseeg siab, txheeb xyuas qhov kawg - lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam fiber ntau ua ntej txuas.
6. Kuv yuav siv Fiber Connector twg? - Daim Ntawv Qhia Kev Txiav Txim Ua tiav
6.1 Xaiv los ntawm Daim Ntawv Thov
|
Daim ntawv thov |
Pom zoo Connector |
Hom Polish |
Yog vim li cas |
|
Data center: server-rau-switch, TOR/EOR |
LC |
UPC |
Native SFP + / QSFP interface; 2 × ceev vs SC |
|
Cov ntaub ntawv chaw: 100G-400G parallel optics |
LC los yog MPO/MTP |
UPC |
LC rau CWDM4/FR4; MPO rau PSM4 / DR4 parallel |
|
FTTH / GPON / XGS-PON cov neeg siv khoom poob |
SC APC |
APC |
ITU-T G.984 / G.9807 tus qauv neeg teb xov tooj; RL Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 65 dB yuav tsum tau |
|
CATV / HFC node kev sib txuas |
SC APC |
APC |
High RL tiv thaiv OBI (Optical Beat Interference) hauv analogue overlay |
|
ODF central{0}}chaw ua haujlwm thaj chaw |
SC lub LC |
APC (SM) / UPC (MM) |
SC kom yooj yim txij nkawm; LC qhov twg qhov ceev tseem ceeb |
|
OTDR xeem chaw nres nkoj ntawm cov cuab yeej ntsuas |
FC AB |
APC |
Tag nrho cov hom OTDR loj siv FC APC raws li qhov kev sim ua ntej |
|
Optical zog ntsuas / OSA |
FC UPC lossis FC APC |
UPC los yog APC |
FC xov muab cov ntaub ntawv rov qab siv tau |
|
Muaj fiber ntau sensor (rail, mfg.) |
FC |
UPC los yog APC |
Xov coupling withstands FOTP-11 kev co yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv |
|
Tub rog / aerospace (kev vibration + shock) |
FC lossis ruggedised LC |
APC |
FC xov; los yog LC nrog lub plhaub hlau + lub tes tsho xauv |
|
5G fronthaul (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 10 km CPRI/eCPRI) |
LC |
UPC los yog APC |
SFP28/QSFP{1}}G/100G transceivers siv LC; RL nyob ntawm qhov txuas pob nyiaj siv |
|
ST campus multimode (kev tu) |
ST (UPC) |
UPC |
Sib piv cov infrastructure uas twb muaj lawm; npaj LC OM4 migration |
|
Tshiab tsev kawm ntawv LAN / enterprise nkag |
LC OM4 los yog OM5 |
UPC |
Yav tom ntej- pov thawj rau 10G–100G; ST yog kawg- ntawm- lub neej rau txoj haujlwm tshiab |
6.2 Xaiv los ntawm Fiber Hom
OS1 / OS2 ib leeg-mode (9/125 µm, ITU-T G.652.D / G.657): LC, SC, lossis FC - ib txwm qhia APC rau FTTH/PON; UPC txais tau rau cov ntaub ntawv -chaw txuas.
OM3 (50/125 µm, ITU-T G.651.1): LC duplex UPC - tus qauv rau 10G–40G luv- mus txog qhov txuas hauv cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv. SC lees txais rau cov txheej txheem qub txeeg qub teg.
OM4 (50/125 µm): LC duplex UPC - 100G SR4 (400 m) thiab 40G SR4 (150 m). Pom zoo rau txhua qhov tshiab multimode tsim.
OM5 (50/125 µm wideband): LC duplex UPC - txhawb SWDM4 rau 40G / 100G dhau qhov deb. Siv LC los tswj kev sib raug zoo nrog OM3 / OM4 ntsia puag.
OM1 / OM2 (62.5 / 125 µm lossis 50 / 125 µm legacy): ST lossis SC rau kev saib xyuas; LC yog hloov cov khoom siv.
6.3 Thaum Hloov Kho los ntawm LC rau MPO/MTP
LC connectors dhau los ua qhov txwv tsis pub dhau thaum koj xav tau sib sau 8 lossis ntau dua fibers rau hauv ib qho kev sib txuas lus - qhov xwm txheej raug rau 40G-SR4 (8 fibers), 100G-SR4 (8 fibers), lossis 400G-DR4 (8 fibers.) parallel optics.
Ib qho MPO-12 connector hloov 6 LC duplex connectors, txo cov interface suav los ntawm 83%.
A 1U MPO thaj vaj huam sib luag ua tiav 864 fibers rau ib chav tsev khib piv rau 96 fibers rau LC duplex - kev txhim kho 9 × ntom.
MPO/MTP siv tib yam polished -fiber lub cev tiv thaiv cov qauv (UPC yog tus qauv; APC MPO muaj rau CWDM/DWDM daim ntawv thov).
Txoj kev tsiv teb tsaws: nruab MPO qaum; siv MPO-rau-LC breakout cassettes ntawm txhua qhov chaw faib khoom kom tswj tau LC sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv chaw nres nkoj.
Glory Optics muab cov khoom siv ua ntej- txiav MPO lub cev cables, MPO- rau -LC breakout harnesses, thiab MPO cassette modules nrog cov ntaub ntawv fiber ntau daim ntawv qhia rau Polarity Hom A, B, thiab C configurations.
7. Yuav ua li cas ntxuav Fiber Optic Connectors - IEC 61300-3-35 Ua raws li tus txheej txheem
7.1 Vim Li Cas Kev Tu Kom Huv Yog Qhov Kev Kho Kom Zoo Tshaj Plaws
Contamination is the primary cause of connector-related insertion loss failures in deployed networks. IEC 61300-3-35 categorises the connector end-face into four zones: Zone A (the fibre core, 0–25 µm radius), Zone B (the cladding contact area, 25–120 µm), Zone C (the epoxy region, 120–250 µm), and Zone D (the ferrule contact zone, 250 µm to ferrule edge). Zone A is the optical zone - even a single particle with diameter >0.5 µm nyob rau hauv Zone A tuaj yeem ua rau qhov poob qis ntawm 0.1-0.3 dB, nyob ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov pom.
IEC 61300-3-35 Kev soj ntsuam tus qauv qhia txog cov qauv kev sib kis tau zoo rau txhua cheeb tsam:
Zone A: Tsis muaj khawb, tsis muaj qhov loj dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 0.5 µm txoj kab uas hla, tsis muaj qhov pits.
Zone B: No scratches >2 µm dav; tsis muaj qhov loj dua lossis sib npaug li 1 µm txoj kab uas hla uas npog ntau dua 5 µm² tag nrho cheeb tsam.
Zone C: Tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag uas yuav hu rau Zone B lossis A ntawm mating ferrule.
Zone D: Cov khawb me me thiab cov khoom siv tau txais - thaj chaw no tsis cuam tshuam rau kev xa khoom kho qhov muag.
7.2 Cov cuab yeej xav tau
Qhuav pas (1.25 hli rau LC; 2.5 hli rau SC/FC/ST): ib leeg- siv tsis yog- ntaub npuag swab rau ntawm tus kov
IPA (isopropyl cawv) ntxuav pas: 99% + purity - qis purity tawm cov dej seem uas degrades Zone A
Cassette reel nqus tsev ntxhua khaub ncaws (ib -nias): automated qhuav- ntxuav mechanism; nyiam rau qhov chaw tsim khoom
Roj- tsis pub muaj roj compressed: < 30 psi; tshem tawm cov khoom me me ua ntej ntub dej
Fiber soj ntsuam Scope (200 × – 400 ×): yuav tsum tau rau IEC 61300-3-35 Zone A/B pass/fail txiav txim. Kev soj ntsuam 'dhau los ntawm qhov muag' ntawm qhov kev nthuav dav qis tsis ua raws.
7.3 Tsib -Txoj Kev Tu Cov Kauj Ruam (IEC 61300-3-35 Ua raws)
Kauj ruam 1 - Kev tshuaj xyuas thawj zaug
Ua ntej ntxuav, tshuaj xyuas hauv qab 200 × lossis 400 × qhov kawg ntawm lub ntsej muag. Qhov no txheeb xyuas seb puas muaj paug yog roj-raws li (smearing pattern under scope) los yog particulate (ntse-edged under scope). Roj yuav tsum tau ntub- qhuav ntu; cov khoom tuaj yeem teb rau qhuav- xwb.
Kauj Ruam 2 - Qhuav kom huv (thawj dhau)
Ntxig lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws rau hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj txuas lossis kos lub taub ferrule hla lub pob zeb qhuav nyob rau hauv ib qho unidirectional stroke. Tsis txhob thim rov qab kev taw qhia - thim rov qab rov faib cov kab mob sib kis. Tshem lub pas los yog ua ntej lub reel.
Kauj ruam 3 - ntub dej huv (IPA)
Maj mam moisten ib daim txhuam tshiab nrog 99% + IPA. Ib qho mob stroke nkaus xwb, tib txoj kev taw qhia. Tsis txhob oversaturate - ntau tshaj IPA nqa cov khoom tawg mus rau hauv Zone A.
Kauj Ruam 4 - Qhuav kom huv (thib ob dhau)
Tam sim ntawd ua raws li nrog tus pas qhuav thib ob kom tshem tawm cov seem IPA ua ntej nws evaporates thiab tawm mus. Cov kauj ruam no feem ntau raug tshem tawm hauv kev xyaum ua haujlwm thiab yog ib qho ua rau muaj kev sib kis ntawm Zone B.
Kauj ruam 5 - Kev tshuaj xyuas zaum kawg thiab kev lees txais
Re- tshuaj xyuas raws li qhov ntsuas fiber ntau. Pom zoo Zone Ib qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom loj dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 0.5 µm thiab tsis muaj khawb. Yog tias qhov kev ntsuas tsis tau raws li Zone A, rov ua dua - lub voj voog qhuav. Yog tias muaj khawb thiab tsis tu ncua tom qab ntxuav, qhov kawg ntawm lub ntsej muag puas lawm - lub connector yuav tsum tau hloov, tsis rov- ntxuav.
APC-cov ntawv tshwj xeeb:Thaum ntxuav lub APC connector, kho qhov kev tu mob stroke thaum uas tig mus rau 8℃polished nto - ib tug perpendicular stroke tuaj yeem tawm fibers hla lub kaum sab xis. Feem ntau cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tsim rau 2.5 hli UPC tsis zoo rau 2.5 hli APC geometry; siv APC- cov khoom tu tshwj xeeb.
8. Cov lus nug uas nquag nug
Q1: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm LC thiab SC fiber ntau connectors?
LC siv 1.25 hli zirconia ferrule thiab RJ-45-style thawb{13}} rub latch, tswj hwm los ntawm IEC 61754-20. SC siv lub 2.5 hli ferrule thiab ib tug keyed laub-rub snap latch, tswj los ntawm IEC 61754-4: 2021. Lub ferrule loj sib txawv txhais tau hais tias ib tug LC connector occupies ib nrab ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag hneev taw ntawm SC, ua rau 1U thaj vaj huam sib luag kom haum rau 144 LC ports piv rau 72 SC chaw nres nkoj. LC yog tus qauv interface rau SFP / SFP + transceivers thiab dominates data-centre applications. SC yog tus qauv rau FTTH / GPON thiab feem ntau cov neeg nqa khoom hauv Asia-Pacific. Ob leeg muaj nyob rau hauv UPC thiab APC polish hom, thiab ob qho tib si xa tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.10 dB ntxig poob ntawm qib hwm thaum tsim khoom rau GR-326 cov qauv.
Q2: Dab tsi yog 'LC' sawv rau hauv fiber ntau optics?
LC sawv cev rau Lucent Connector - muaj npe tom qab Lucent Technologies (Lub Tswb Laboratories spin-tawm uas tsim nws nyob rau nruab nrab-1990s). Hauv kev siv tsis raug cai, LC tseem raug hu ua 'Little Connector' txhawm rau hais txog nws daim ntawv me me ntsig txog SC. IEC 61754-20: 'Type LC'
Q3: Kuv puas tuaj yeem txuas APC txuas rau UPC chaw nres nkoj?
Tsis muaj - thiab sim ua li ntawd ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj.APC plug muaj 8℃angled kawg -lub ntsej muag uas tsis tuaj yeem zaum yaug tawm tsam lub tiaj tus ntawm UPC adapter. Lub kaum sab xis ferrule tiv tauj lub tes tsho tiaj tus phab ntsa ntawm ib qho taw tes, tsim asymmetric load uas abrades ob qhov chaw. Qhov tshwm sim rov qab poob degrades rau kwv yees li −10 dB (piv rau −65 dB rau qhov tseeb APC mating), uas yog txaus los ua hom-hopping instability nyob rau hauv DFB laser qhov chaw siv nyob rau hauv GPON OLT khoom. Lub cev puas tsuaj rau APC ferrule lub kaum sab xis yog feem ntau tsis rov qab los ntawm re- polishing. Ib txwm txheeb xyuas cov xim vaj tse (ntsuab=APC, xiav=UPC) ua ntej sib yuav.
Q4: Dab tsi fiber connector muaj qhov qis tshaj qhov poob?
Raws li cov qauv kev xeem uas siv Telcordia GR-326-CORE Issue 4 kev ntsuas kev ntsuas (tus qauv jumper, ib qho -mode OS2 fiber), siab- zoo LC thiab SC connectors los ntawm cov tuam txhab ua lag luam ua tiav qhov kev poob qis txhais tau tias ntawm 0.05–0.08 dB - zoo dua li qhov sib npaug li 2.LC thiab Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.25 dB (SC) tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua. Glory Optics's 2022-2024 cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm thoob plaws ntau dua 60,000 units qhia tau hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0.07 dB rau LC thiab 0.06 dB rau SC APC. FC connectors ntawm Qib A (IEC 61754-13: 2024) ua tau zoo ib yam li qhov poob rau SC tab sis nrog nruj dua mating repeatability vim yog threaded pre-load mechanism. ST qhia tau hais tias qhov siab tshaj qhov nkag tsis sib txawv (0.25-0.50 dB) vim qhov kev sib tw bayonet alignment tolerances. Qhov xaus: ntawm qib hwm, LC thiab SC yog sib npaug hauv qhov poob; FC phim lawv hauv repeatability; ST yog qhov qis dua hauv tag nrho peb qhov kev ntsuas.
Q5: Puas yog ST connectors tseem siv xyoo 2026?
Yog lawm, tab sis tshwj xeeb rau kev saib xyuas cov kev teeb tsa uas twb muaj lawm - tsis yog rau kev tsim kho tshiab. North American university campus networks, tsoom fwv cov tsev, thiab cov chaw ua lag luam tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv 1990s thiab thaum ntxov 2000s tseem muaj ntau yam ST multimode infrastructure. Rau cov no, ST connectors tseem tsim nyog rau kev kho thiab txuas ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, ST muaj peb qhov tsis tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm tshiab: tsis muaj APC polish tus qauv (ua ntej siv hauv ib qho -hom FTTH), tsis muaj SFP / QSFP transceiver interface compatibility, thiab qis chaw nres nkoj ntom dua LC. Lub tsev kawm ntawv tshiab multimode xa tawm yuav tsum siv OM4 lossis OM5 nrog LC; ST networks uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum npaj rau LC kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw thaum lub sij hawm kho vajtse tshiab tshiab.
Q6: Muaj pes tsawg zaus fiber optic connector yuav matated thiab unmated?
IEC 61300-2-2 thiab Telcordia GR-326-CORE Issue 4 ob leeg yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 500 mating cycles yam tsis pub dhau qhov kev ntxig - cov qauv hloov pauv. Ntau yam khoom SC raug ntsuas thiab ntsuas rau 1,000 lub voj voog. Lub neej ua tiav tiag tiag yog nyob ntawm kev qhuab qhia tu: ib qho txuas uas tau ntxuav ua ntej txhua qhov ntxig siv IEC 61300-3-35 raws tu qauv yuav ncav cuag 1,{11}} cycles yam tsis muaj kev ntsuas degradation. Ib qho kev sib txuas uas rov ua dua thiab tsis sib haum xeeb yam tsis tau ntxuav yuav tsim Zone A khawb hauv 50-100 cycles. Hwm zirconia ferrules (hardness ≈1,200 HV) yog qhov muaj zog tiv taus ntau dua li cov ceramic-polymer composite ferrules siv hauv cov khoom qis. Ntawm Glory Optics, txhua hom kev sib txuas ib leeg tau dhau 1,000-lub voj voog kev xeem uas siv IEC 61300-2-2 txoj kev; Cov txheej txheem dhau los yog tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.2 dB hloov pauv-tso.
Q7: Tus qauv IEC yog dab tsi rau txhua hom connector?
LC: IEC 61754 -20: 2012 + AMD1: 2022. SC: IEC 61754-4: 2021 (ib tsab thib peb - nco ntsoov tias 2021 version ntxiv IEC 61300-}3-22 ferrule compression testing thiab Annex A adapter zog yuav tsum tau). FC: IEC 61754-13: 2024 (ib tsab thib peb - ntxiv Qib Am / Bm / Cm thiab § 5.2 intermateability, hloov 2006 tsab). ST: IEC 61754-2: TSW. Txhua hom connector: endface geometry yog tswj los ntawm IEC 61300-3-35; Kev ntsuas qhov poob rov qab los ntawm IEC 61300-3-6; IEC 61300-2-2 Kev sib raug zoo Ib hom kev sib txuas rau kev siv xov tooj yuav tsum tau ua raws li Telcordia GR-326-CORE Issue 4 (qhov nruj tshaj plaws ib hom kev sib txuas tus qauv tam sim no nyob rau hauv quab yuam).
Q8: Vim li cas kuv lub fiber connector ntsuab?
Lub vaj huam sib luag ntsuab qhia tau hais tias APC (Angled Physical Contact) polish - 8℃angled kawg -lub ntsej muag uas txo qis rov qab- rov qab xav txog ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 65 dB rov qab poob. Cov xim ntsuab yog kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb kev pom zoo tau txais los ntawm tag nrho cov tuam txhab loj txuas. Nws tsis tau teev tseg los ntawm IEC 61754-20, IEC 61754-4, lossis lwm yam IEC connector tus qauv, tab sis nws tau ua raws li tsis tu ncua txaus tias ntsuab tuaj yeem kho raws li qhov taw qhia APC txhim khu kev qha. Green APC connectors yuav tsum tsuas yog mated nrog ntsuab APC adapters. Yog hais tias koj muaj ib tug ntsuab connector thiab xiav (UPC) adapter los yog vice versa, tsis txhob txuas lawv - saib Q3 saum toj no.
Q9: Puas yog FC APC zoo dua SC APC rau OTDR kuaj?
Rau OTDR qhov chaw sim tshwj xeeb, FC APC yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua, thiab nws tsis yog qhov sib piv ze. OTDR cov cuab yeej siv FC APC raws li lawv qhov kev cuam tshuam vim tias: (1) cov xov txuas txuas tau muab kev sib txuas ua ke, paub txog kev sib txuas uas SC's thawb- rub latch tsis tuaj yeem phim - txawm tias me me latch- rau -latch variations cuam tshuam rau OTDR tuag cheeb tsam suav; (2) FC lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ua ntej-load quab yuam (7.8–11.8 N ib IEC 61754-13:2024) tuav lub cev sib txuas tsis tu ncua ntawm qhov ruaj khov ntawm tus kws kho qhov txuas; (3) kev ua lag luam rau OTDR tso tawm cables yog tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm FC APC, yog li muaj ntau yam ntawm FC APC- mus rau -SC APC, FC APC-rau- LC UPC, thiab FC APC- rau -ST adapters yog universally. Rau qhov kev xa tawm network raug sim (SC APC FTTH cables, LC UPC cov ntaub ntawv-cov txuas hauv nruab nrab), koj txuas los ntawm kev xa xov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj OTDR es tsis yog ncaj qha mating ib qho tsis yog FC txuas rau lub ntsuas.
9. Cov ntsiab lus: Txoj Cai Txuas rau Koj Lub Network
Plaub hom connector, plaub qhov sib txawv niches. Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no hloov pauv txhua yam hauv phau ntawv qhia no mus rau ib qho -kab lus txiav txim txoj cai rau txhua qhov xwm txheej:
|
Koj qhov scenario |
Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws |
Polish |
Ib - kab txoj cai |
|
Cov ntaub ntawv chaw nres nkoj (SFP + / SFP28 / QSFP28) |
LC |
UPC |
LC yog qhov chaw transceiver interface - tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ua rau kev nkag siab |
|
FTTH subscriber poob / GPON ONT |
SC APC |
APC |
SC APC yog xav tau los ntawm txhua tus neeg nqa khoom loj GPON spec |
|
OTDR / kho qhov muag ntsuas ntsuas |
FC AB |
APC |
FC xov muab kev siv -qib repeatability |
|
Kev vibration / industrial ib puag ncig |
FC |
UPC los yog APC |
Xov coupling ciaj sia FOTP-11 qhov twg LC / SC latches tsis tuaj yeem |
|
400G + parallel optics (PSM4 / DR4) |
MPO-8 / MPO-12 |
UPC |
LC ua lub bottleneck saum 100G parallel - txav mus rau MPO |
|
Legacy ST tsev kawm ntawv kho mob |
ST UPC → migrate rau LC |
UPC |
ST rau kev kho hnub no; LC OM4 rau txhua qhov kev khiav haujlwm tshiab |
TxogGlory Optics Fiber Optics
Glory Optics yog cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm fiber ntau optic connectors, thaj qaum, MPO cable sib dhos, thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov muag tsis pom kev. Tag nrho cov kab txuas txuas ua haujlwm ua haujlwm raws li IEC 61754 thiab Telcordia GR-326-CORE Issue 4 txoj haujlwm ua raws. Batch-level insertion poob, rov poob, thiab endface geometry cov ntaub ntawv (IEC 61300-3-35) muaj nyob rau ntawm kev thov rau ntim xaj.
LC, SC, FC, ST connectors - txhua qib, simplex thiab duplex, UPC thiab APC
SC APC FTTH thaj cords thiab pigtails - Asia - Pacific carrier - tsim nyog
MPO / MTP lub cev cables, breakout harnesses, thiab cassette modules
Kev cai sib dhos nrog cov ntaub ntawv polarity daim ntawv qhia thiab cov ntaub ntawv xeem
Tiv tauj peb ntawm gloryoptics.com rau cov ntaub ntawv qhia kev, cov qauv thov, lossis tus nqi ntim.
Cov qauv ntsuas: IEC 61754-20: 2012+AMD1: 2022 / IEC 61754-4: 2021 / IEC 61754-13: 2024 / IEC 61754-2 / IEC 61363300-3- 61300-2-2 / IEC 61753-1 / Telcordia GR-326-CORE Issue 4 (Feb. 2010) / ITU-T G.984 / ITU-T G.9807 / FOTP-11
